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Microwave Exposure Impairs Synaptic Plasticity in the Rat Hippocampus and PC12 Cells through Over-activation of the NMDA Receptor Signaling Pathway.

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Xiong L, Sun CF, Zhang J, Gao YB, Wang LF, Zuo HY, Wang SM, Zhou HM, Xu XP, Dong J, Yao BW, Zhao L, Peng RY. · 2015

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Microwave radiation at 30 mW/cm² damaged brain learning centers in just 10 minutes, disrupting memory formation pathways.

Plain English Summary

Summary written for general audiences

Researchers exposed rats and brain cells to microwave radiation at 30 mW/cm² and found significant damage to brain structures responsible for learning and memory. The exposure disrupted the delicate balance of brain chemicals and damaged the connections between brain cells (synapses). This suggests that microwave radiation can interfere with the brain's ability to form new memories and learn.

Why This Matters

This study provides compelling evidence that microwave radiation can directly damage the brain's learning and memory centers through a well-understood biological pathway. The exposure level of 30 mW/cm² is particularly concerning because it's within the range of what you might encounter from high-powered wireless devices held close to your head. The researchers identified the specific mechanism - over-activation of NMDA receptors - which is the same pathway involved in neurodegenerative diseases. What makes this research especially significant is that it shows both structural damage to brain tissue and functional changes in the chemical signals that neurons use to communicate. The fact that these effects occurred after just brief exposures (5-10 minutes) suggests that our brains may be more vulnerable to microwave radiation than previously recognized.

Exposure Details

Power Density
30 µW/m²
Exposure Duration
10 min

Exposure Context

This study used 30 µW/m² for radio frequency:

Building Biology guidelines are practitioner-based limits from real-world assessments. BioInitiative Report recommendations are based on peer-reviewed science. Check Your Exposure to compare your own measurements.

Where This Falls on the Concern Scale

Study Exposure Level in ContextA logarithmic scale showing exposure levels relative to Building Biology concern thresholds and regulatory limits.Study Exposure Level in ContextThis study: 30 µW/m²Extreme Concern1,000 uW/m2FCC Limit10M uW/m2Effects observed in the Severe Concern range (Building Biology)FCC limit is 333,333x higher than this exposure level

Study Details

The aim of this study is to investigate whether microwave exposure would affect the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) signaling pathway to establish whether this plays a role in synaptic plasticity impairment.

48 male Wistar rats were exposed to 30 mW/cm2 microwave for 10 min every other day for three times. ...

Microwave exposure caused injury in rat hippocampal structure and PC12 cells, especially the structu...

30 mW/cm2 microwave exposure resulted in alterations of synaptic structure, amino acid neurotransmitter release and calcium influx. NMDAR signaling molecules were closely associated with impaired synaptic plasticity.

Cite This Study
Xiong L, Sun CF, Zhang J, Gao YB, Wang LF, Zuo HY, Wang SM, Zhou HM, Xu XP, Dong J, Yao BW, Zhao L, Peng RY. (2015). Microwave Exposure Impairs Synaptic Plasticity in the Rat Hippocampus and PC12 Cells through Over-activation of the NMDA Receptor Signaling Pathway. Biomed Environ Sci. 28(1):13-24, 2015.
Show BibTeX
@article{l_2015_microwave_exposure_impairs_synaptic_204,
  author = {Xiong L and Sun CF and Zhang J and Gao YB and Wang LF and Zuo HY and Wang SM and Zhou HM and Xu XP and Dong J and Yao BW and Zhao L and Peng RY.},
  title = {Microwave Exposure Impairs Synaptic Plasticity in the Rat Hippocampus and PC12 Cells through Over-activation of the NMDA Receptor Signaling Pathway.},
  year = {2015},
  
  url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0895398815600022},
}

Quick Questions About This Study

Researchers exposed rats and brain cells to microwave radiation at 30 mW/cm² and found significant damage to brain structures responsible for learning and memory. The exposure disrupted the delicate balance of brain chemicals and damaged the connections between brain cells (synapses). This suggests that microwave radiation can interfere with the brain's ability to form new memories and learn.