López-Furelos A et al. · 2018
Spanish researchers exposed immune cells (macrophages) to radio frequency radiation at cell phone frequencies (900 MHz and 2450 MHz) for up to 72 hours. They found that the radiation significantly impaired the cells' ability to fight infections and triggered inflammatory responses, with combined frequencies causing more damage than single frequencies. This suggests that everyday exposure to multiple wireless signals simultaneously may compromise immune function.
Lasalvia M et al. · 2018
Researchers exposed human immune cells to 1.8 GHz cell phone radiation for up to 20 hours. The radiation caused cell deformation, DNA changes, and disrupted cellular energy production. These findings raise safety concerns about long-term EMF exposure effects on human health.
Taheri M et al. · 2017
Researchers exposed two types of bacteria (Listeria and E. coli) to radiofrequency radiation from cell phones (900 MHz) and Wi-Fi routers (2.4 GHz) to see if it affected how well antibiotics worked against them. They found that RF exposure made these disease-causing bacteria more resistant to antibiotics, meaning the medications became less effective at killing them. This could have serious implications for treating infections, as it suggests our wireless devices might be contributing to the growing problem of antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
Crabtree DPE, Herrera BJ, Kang S. · 2017
Researchers at Baylor University exposed bacteria from human skin to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (the type emitted by cell phones) and found that these exposures altered bacterial growth patterns. The study tested both laboratory bacteria and skin bacteria samples from people with different cell phone usage histories, finding variable but consistent disruption across different bacterial species. This suggests that cell phone radiation may be disrupting the beneficial bacteria that naturally live on our skin, potentially affecting human health through this disrupted relationship.
Bayat M, Hemati S, Soleimani-Estyar R, Shahin-Jafari A. · 2017
Researchers exposed mice to 900 MHz cell phone radiation for 6 hours daily over several weeks, then infected them with a common fungal pathogen (Candida) to test their immune response. The radiation-exposed mice showed delayed wound healing, higher infection levels in their skin, and increased susceptibility to life-threatening systemic infections. This suggests that chronic exposure to cell phone frequencies may weaken the immune system's ability to fight off infections.
Kulaber A, Kerimoğlu G, Ersöz Ş, Çolakoğlu S, Odacı E. · 2017
Researchers exposed young male rats to 900 MHz radiofrequency radiation (similar to cell phone frequencies) for one hour daily during their adolescent development period. The exposed rats showed increased oxidative stress in their thymus (a key immune system organ) and tissue damage including bleeding into the tissue. This suggests that RF radiation during development may harm the immune system by creating damaging free radicals.
Vlasova II et al. · 2017
Russian scientists exposed blood samples to high-frequency radiation (32.9-39.6 GHz) for 15 minutes and found neutrophils (infection-fighting white blood cells) responded more aggressively to bacterial threats. The enhanced immune response was caused by heating effects, showing electromagnetic radiation can amplify immune system activity.
Lameth J et al. · 2017
Scientists exposed rats to cell phone radiation (1800 MHz) for 2 hours and found it reduced brain inflammation markers by 50-60% when the brain was already inflamed. The changes were temporary, lasting less than 72 hours, suggesting radiation may alter how inflamed brain tissue responds.
Kumari K et al. · 2017
Researchers exposed mice to intermediate frequency magnetic fields (7.5 kHz) for 5 weeks and tested their learning and memory abilities. Mice exposed to higher field levels showed impaired memory performance and increased brain inflammation markers. This suggests that magnetic fields from common sources like induction cooktops and security systems may affect cognitive function.
Kim HS et al. · 2017
Researchers exposed rats to 915 MHz radiofrequency radiation (used in RFID systems) for 8 hours daily over 2 weeks. They found measurable changes in blood cell counts - red blood cells increased while white blood cells decreased, demonstrating RF radiation can alter blood composition at moderate exposure levels.
Dey S, Bose S, Kumar S, Rathore R, Mathur R, Jain S. · 2017
Researchers exposed rats with severed spinal cords to extremely low frequency magnetic fields (50 Hz at 17.96 µT) for 2 hours daily over 8 weeks. The magnetic field treatment significantly improved locomotion and reduced inflammation, tissue damage, and iron buildup at the injury site compared to untreated injured rats. This suggests that certain EMF exposures might actually help the nervous system heal from traumatic injuries.
Pooam M, Nakayama M, Nishigaki C, Miyata H · 2017
Scientists exposed immune cells to 50 Hz magnetic fields from power lines at levels found near electrical devices. The magnetic fields damaged cellular energy centers, increased harmful free radicals, and triggered stress responses. This suggests everyday magnetic field exposure may stress our immune systems.
Kim SJ et al. · 2017
Researchers exposed immune cells called macrophages to 60 Hz magnetic fields at 0.8 mT (similar to power line frequencies) and found the fields significantly increased inflammatory responses. The EMF exposure boosted production of inflammatory molecules like nitric oxide and cytokines, while also reducing the effectiveness of antioxidants that normally help control inflammation. This suggests that everyday electromagnetic field exposure might make our immune cells more prone to chronic inflammation.
Nakayama M, Nakamura A, Hondou T, Miyata H · 2016
Researchers exposed immune cells called macrophages to 50-Hz magnetic fields (the same frequency as power lines) for 24 hours to see if it would damage their DNA. They found that magnetic field exposure alone caused no harm, but when cells were first activated by bacterial toxins, the magnetic field exposure increased DNA damage and reduced cell survival.
Siqueira EC et al. · 2016
Researchers analyzed saliva from the parotid glands (located near the jaw) in 83 people who regularly use cell phones, comparing the side exposed to phone radiation with the unexposed side. They found that the exposed side showed signs of inflammation, with decreased levels of an anti-inflammatory protein and increased levels of a pro-inflammatory protein. The inflammatory changes were more pronounced in people who had used cell phones for over 10 years, suggesting cumulative effects from long-term exposure.
El-Gohary OA, Said MA. · 2016
Researchers exposed male rats to mobile phone radiation for either 1 or 2 hours daily over 30 days and measured changes in their immune systems. They found that phone radiation significantly weakened multiple immune markers (antibodies and white blood cells), with longer exposures causing greater damage. Importantly, rats given vitamin D supplements showed protection against these immune system effects.
He GL et al. · 2016
Researchers exposed brain immune cells called microglia to electromagnetic fields and found that EMF exposure significantly impaired the cells' ability to clear harmful amyloid proteins associated with Alzheimer's disease. The EMF exposure triggered inflammatory pathways that reduced the cells' cleaning function by 30-40%. This suggests EMF exposure could potentially accelerate brain aging by preventing normal cellular housekeeping.
Mina D et al. · 2016
Researchers exposed wall lizards to cordless phone radiation 24 hours daily for 8 weeks. The lizards showed 45% weaker immune responses compared to unexposed animals, suggesting that constant wireless radiation exposure may suppress the immune system in living creatures.
He Q, Sun Y, Zong L, Tong J, Cao Y. · 2016
Researchers exposed mouse bone marrow cells to cell phone-level radiation for three hours daily over five days. The cells showed significant increases in PARP-1, a protein that repairs DNA damage, suggesting the radiation triggered cellular stress requiring DNA repair mechanisms.
Gläser K et al. · 2016
German researchers exposed human blood stem cells (the cells that create all blood cells in your body) to cell phone radiation at three different frequencies for up to 66 hours. They tested multiple biological endpoints including DNA damage, cell death, and oxidative stress. Surprisingly, they found that GSM radiation actually caused a small decrease in DNA damage compared to unexposed cells, while showing no other significant effects.
Yang LL et al. · 2016
Researchers exposed rats to electromagnetic pulses (EMP) at extremely high levels and found that these exposures activated microglia, the brain's immune cells, causing inflammation. The study identified that this brain immune response happened through a specific cellular pathway called p38 MAPK, and the effects were measurable within hours of exposure. This research helps explain one biological mechanism by which electromagnetic fields might affect brain function.
Tang R, Xu Y, Ma F, Ren J, Shen S, Du Y, Hou Y, Wang T · 2016
Researchers exposed mice with lung cancer to extremely low frequency magnetic fields (7.5 Hz, 0.4 Tesla) for 2 hours daily over 27 days and found the treatment significantly reduced tumor spread in the lungs. The magnetic fields worked by altering immune cell behavior - specifically reducing regulatory T cells (immune cells that normally suppress anti-tumor responses) and increasing cellular stress molecules called reactive oxygen species. This suggests that certain magnetic field exposures might enhance the body's natural ability to fight cancer by modifying immune system function.
Kumar G, McIntosh RL, Anderson V, McKenzie RJ, Wood AW. · 2015
Researchers exposed rat bone marrow to mobile phone radiation at 900 and 1800 MHz frequencies to test for genetic damage and effects on blood cell production. They tested both continuous and pulsed signals at power levels ranging from 2 to 12.4 watts per kilogram. The study found no significant changes in cell growth or DNA damage in the bone marrow cells after exposure.
Kumar G, McIntosh RL, Anderson V, McKenzie RJ, Wood AW. · 2015
Researchers exposed rat bone marrow to cell phone-type radiation at 900 MHz and 1800 MHz frequencies to test for DNA damage and changes in blood cell production. They found no significant effects on genetic damage or cell growth at radiation levels of 2-2.5 watts per kilogram, which are similar to current safety limits. This study suggests that short-term exposure to these specific radiation levels may not cause immediate DNA damage in blood-forming cells.
Misa-Agustiño MJ et al. · 2015
Researchers exposed rats to 2.45 GHz radiofrequency radiation (the same frequency used in microwave ovens and WiFi) and found it caused visible damage to the thymus, a key immune system organ. The radiation triggered cellular stress responses, increased blood vessel leakage, and altered stress proteins even at levels below those that cause heating. This suggests that EMF exposure can disrupt immune system function through non-thermal biological mechanisms.
