6,486 Studies Reviewed. 85.2% of Original Studies Found Biological Effects. The Evidence is Clear.
Shield Your Body

Note: This study found no significant biological effects under its experimental conditions. We include all studies for scientific completeness.

Brain & Nervous System

1950 MHz IMT-2000 field does not activate microglial cells in vitro.

No Effects Found

Hirose H, Sasaki A, Ishii N, Sekijima M, Iyama T, Nojima T, Ugawa Y. · 2010

View Original Abstract
Share:

The findings suggest that exposure to 1950 MHz W-CDMA RF fields up to 2 W/kg does not activate microglial cells in vitro.

Plain English Summary

Summary written for general audiences

Researchers exposed primary microglial cell cultures from neonatal rats to 1950 MHz W-CDMA RF fields at SARs of 0.2, 0.8, and 2.0 W/kg for 2 hours. The percentage of MHC class II positive cells, a marker of microglial activation, was similar between exposed and sham-exposed groups. No statistically significant differences were observed in MHC class II positive cells across any RF exposure group compared to sham controls. Cytokine production of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 also showed no remarkable differences between exposed and sham groups.

Why This Matters

The study aimed to examine biological effects on the central nervous system from 1950 MHz IMT-2000 modulation signals by investigating RF field effects on microglial cells. Assay samples were collected at 24 and 72 hours post-exposure and analyzed in a blind manner.

Exposure Details

SAR
0.2, 0.8, and 2.0 W/kg
Source/Device
1950 MHz IMT‐2000
Exposure Duration
2 h

Where This Falls on the Concern Scale

Study Exposure Level in ContextStudy Exposure Level in ContextThis study: 0.2, 0.8, and 2.0 W/kgExtreme Concern - 0.1 W/kgFCC Limit - 1.6 W/kgEffects observed in the Extreme Concern range (Building Biology)FCC limit is 8 times higher than this level
A logarithmic frequency spectrum from 10 Hz to 100 GHz showing where this study's 1.95 GHz exposure sits relative to common EMF sources.Where This Frequency Sits on the EMF SpectrumELFVLFLF / MFHF / VHFUHFSHFmm10 Hz100 GHzThis study: 1.95 GHzPower lines50/60 Hz5G mm28 GHzLogarithmic scale

Study Details

To examine any biological effects on the central nervous system (CNS) induced by 1950 MHz modulation signals, which are controlled by the International Mobile Telecommunication‐2000 (IMT‐2000) cellular system, we investigated the effect of RF fields on microglial cells in the brain.

We assessed functional changes in microglial cells by examining changes in immune reaction‐related ...

Results showed that the percentage of cells positive for major histocompatibility complex (MHC) clas...

These findings suggest that exposure to RF fields up to 2 W/kg does not activate microglial cells in vitro.

Cite This Study
Hirose H, Sasaki A, Ishii N, Sekijima M, Iyama T, Nojima T, Ugawa Y. (2010). 1950 MHz IMT-2000 field does not activate microglial cells in vitro. Bioelectromagnetics. 31(2):104-112, 2010.
Show BibTeX
@article{h_2010_1950_mhz_imt2000_field_2763,
  author = {Hirose H and Sasaki A and Ishii N and Sekijima M and Iyama T and Nojima T and Ugawa Y. },
  title = {1950 MHz IMT-2000 field does not activate microglial cells in vitro.},
  year = {2010},
  doi = {10.1002/bem.20532},
  url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/bem.20532},
}
DOI: 10.1002/bem.20532

Cited By (32 papers)

Quick Questions About This Study

The study used a 1950 MHz W-CDMA RF field at SARs of 0.2, 0.8, and 2.0 W/kg for 2 hours.
Primary microglial cell cultures were prepared from neonatal rats.
MHC class II expression and cytokine production showed no significant differences between exposed and sham groups.
Samples obtained 24 and 72 hours after exposure were processed in a blind manner.
No statistically significant differences were observed between any RF exposure group and sham controls.