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A minimum of two individuals were sampled from each household and at least five individuals were sampled around each mobile base station

Bioeffects Seen

Authors not listed · 2013

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This technical IoT overview paper contains no EMF health research or biological findings.

Plain English Summary

Summary written for general audiences

This appears to be a technical overview paper about Internet of Things (IoT) technologies, protocols, and applications rather than an EMF health study. The abstract discusses RFID sensors, communication technologies, and machine-to-machine connectivity. No health effects or biological impacts from electromagnetic field exposure were actually studied.

Why This Matters

This entry appears to be misclassified in our EMF health database. The abstract describes a technical survey of Internet of Things technologies, not a biological study examining EMF health effects. While IoT devices do emit electromagnetic fields through their wireless communications, this paper focuses on technical implementation rather than health impacts. The reality is that IoT expansion means more wireless devices in our environment, creating additional sources of radiofrequency exposure that health-conscious consumers should consider when making technology choices.

Exposure Information

Specific exposure levels were not quantified in this study.

Cite This Study
Unknown (2013). A minimum of two individuals were sampled from each household and at least five individuals were sampled around each mobile base station.
Show BibTeX
@article{a_minimum_of_two_individuals_were_sampled_from_each_household_and_at_least_five_individuals_were_sampled_around_each_mobile_base_station_ce4801,
  author = {Unknown},
  title = {A minimum of two individuals were sampled from each household and at least five individuals were sampled around each mobile base station},
  year = {2013},
  doi = {10.1109/comst.2015.2444095},
  
}
DOI: 10.1109/comst.2015.2444095

Quick Questions About This Study

No, this is a technical overview paper about Internet of Things technologies and protocols. It contains no research on electromagnetic field health effects or biological impacts from wireless device exposure.
IoT devices use RFID, WiFi, Bluetooth, and cellular communications that emit radiofrequency radiation. Smart sensors, connected appliances, and wireless monitoring systems all contribute to household EMF exposure levels.
Machine-to-machine communications require constant wireless data transmission between devices, creating continuous low-level radiofrequency exposure. Multiple connected devices can create cumulative EMF exposure in indoor environments.
The paper doesn't address RFID health effects. RFID sensors emit electromagnetic fields at various frequencies. While typically low-power, widespread deployment increases overall environmental EMF exposure from these wireless identification systems.
Yes, IoT growth means more wireless devices communicating continuously in homes and workplaces. Each connected sensor, smart appliance, and monitoring device adds to cumulative electromagnetic field exposure in our living spaces.