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An analysis of radar exposure in the San Francisco area, Technical note ORP-EAD 77-3

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Tell R A · 1977

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The 1977 EPA documented radar exposure across San Francisco, revealing how entire populations lived within invisible electromagnetic fields.

Plain English Summary

Summary written for general audiences

This 1977 EPA technical report analyzed radar exposure levels across the San Francisco Bay Area, mapping electromagnetic radiation from military and civilian radar installations. The study represents one of the earliest systematic assessments of population-level radar exposure in a major metropolitan area during the height of Cold War radar deployment.

Why This Matters

This pioneering 1977 EPA analysis came at a crucial time when radar installations blanketed urban areas with virtually no public awareness of exposure levels. The San Francisco Bay Area hosted dozens of military and civilian radar systems, creating a complex electromagnetic environment that residents navigated daily without knowledge of the invisible radiation around them. What makes this study particularly significant is its timing - conducted just as scientists were beginning to understand that non-ionizing radiation could have biological effects beyond simple heating. The reality is that radar systems operate at power levels thousands of times higher than today's cell phones, yet received far less scrutiny. This early environmental assessment laid groundwork for understanding how entire populations can be exposed to pulsed microwave radiation from multiple sources simultaneously.

Exposure Information

Specific exposure levels were not quantified in this study.

Cite This Study
Tell R A (1977). An analysis of radar exposure in the San Francisco area, Technical note ORP-EAD 77-3.
Show BibTeX
@article{an_analysis_of_radar_exposure_in_the_san_francisco_area_technical_note_orp_ead_7_g4996,
  author = {Tell R A},
  title = {An analysis of radar exposure in the San Francisco area, Technical note ORP-EAD 77-3},
  year = {1977},
  
  
}

Quick Questions About This Study

The San Francisco Bay Area hosted numerous military and civilian radar installations during the Cold War era, including airport surveillance radars, military defense systems, and weather monitoring stations that created overlapping electromagnetic exposure zones.
While many Cold War military radars have been decommissioned, modern San Francisco residents face different EMF sources including cell towers, WiFi networks, and updated radar systems at airports and weather stations.
The EPA recognized that urban radar installations created significant electromagnetic field exposures for large populations, prompting this systematic assessment to understand baseline radiation levels in metropolitan areas during the 1970s.
By the mid-1970s, scientists were discovering that microwave radiation from radar could cause biological effects beyond heating, including potential impacts on the nervous system and cellular function.
Radar systems typically operated at power levels thousands of times higher than modern cell phones, creating much stronger electromagnetic fields that could be detected miles from transmission sites.