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Microwave irradiation of rats at 2.45 GHz activates pinocytotic-like uptake of tracer by capillary endothelial cells of cerebral cortex.

Bioeffects Seen

Neubauer C, Phelan AM, Kues H, Lange DG · 1990

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Microwave radiation at 2.45 GHz compromises the blood-brain barrier at power levels comparable to everyday wireless device exposure.

Plain English Summary

Summary written for general audiences

Researchers exposed rats to 2.45 GHz microwave radiation (WiFi frequency) at low power levels and found it increased blood-brain barrier permeability after just 30-120 minutes. This protective barrier normally prevents harmful substances from entering brain tissue, suggesting microwave exposure could compromise brain protection.

Why This Matters

This study reveals a concerning mechanism by which microwave radiation affects brain physiology at relatively low exposure levels. The blood-brain barrier serves as a critical defense system, and any compromise of its integrity could have serious neurological implications. What makes this research particularly relevant is that the 2.45 GHz frequency tested is identical to that used in microwave ovens, WiFi routers, and many wireless devices. The power densities that caused effects (5-10 mW/cm²) are within range of what people experience from wireless technology in daily life. The researchers' use of colchicine to block the effect provides strong evidence that the mechanism involves disruption of cellular transport processes. This adds to a growing body of evidence suggesting that current safety standards, which focus only on heating effects, may be inadequate to protect against biological impacts of wireless radiation.

Exposure Details

SAR
2 W/kg
Power Density
5, 10 µW/m²
Source/Device
2.45 GHz
Exposure Duration
30-120 min

Exposure Context

This study used 5, 10 µW/m² for radio frequency:

This study used 2 W/kg for SAR (device absorption):

Building Biology guidelines are practitioner-based limits from real-world assessments. BioInitiative Report recommendations are based on peer-reviewed science. Check Your Exposure to compare your own measurements.

Where This Falls on the Concern Scale

Study Exposure Level in ContextA logarithmic scale showing exposure levels relative to Building Biology concern thresholds and regulatory limits.Study Exposure Level in ContextThis study: 5, 10 µW/m²Extreme Concern1,000 uW/m2FCC Limit10M uW/m2Effects observed in the Slight Concern range (Building Biology)FCC limit is 2,000,000x higher than this exposure level

Study Details

To investigate whether microwave irradiation of rats at 2.45 GHz activates pinocytotic-like uptake of tracer by capillary endothelial cells of cerebral cortex or not.

Far-field exposures of male albino rats to 2.45-GHz microwaves (10-microseconds pulses, 100 pps) at ...

Cite This Study
Neubauer C, Phelan AM, Kues H, Lange DG (1990). Microwave irradiation of rats at 2.45 GHz activates pinocytotic-like uptake of tracer by capillary endothelial cells of cerebral cortex. Bioelectromagnetics 11(4):261-268, 1990.
Show BibTeX
@article{c_1990_microwave_irradiation_of_rats_1224,
  author = {Neubauer C and Phelan AM and Kues H and Lange DG},
  title = {Microwave irradiation of rats at 2.45 GHz activates pinocytotic-like uptake of tracer by capillary endothelial cells of cerebral cortex.},
  year = {1990},
  
  url = {https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2285411/},
}

Quick Questions About This Study

Researchers exposed rats to 2.45 GHz microwave radiation (WiFi frequency) at low power levels and found it increased blood-brain barrier permeability after just 30-120 minutes. This protective barrier normally prevents harmful substances from entering brain tissue, suggesting microwave exposure could compromise brain protection.