8,700 Studies Reviewed. 87.0% Found Biological Effects. The Evidence is Clear.
Shield Your Body

Note: This study found no significant biological effects under its experimental conditions. We include all studies for scientific completeness.

Oxidative Stress

Effects of Simultaneous In-Vitro Exposure to 5G-Modulated 3.5 GHz and GSM-Modulated 1.8 GHz Radio-Frequency Electromagnetic Fields on Neuronal Network Electrical Activity and Cellular Stress in Skin Fibroblast Cells

No Effects Found

Authors not listed · 2025

Share:

Simultaneous 5G and GSM exposure showed no significant biological effects in lab cells at realistic power levels.

Plain English Summary

Summary written for general audiences

Researchers exposed brain neurons and skin cells to both 5G (3.5 GHz) and older GSM (1.8 GHz) wireless signals simultaneously to see if combining these technologies causes biological effects. The study found no significant changes in brain cell electrical activity, cellular stress responses, or harmful oxygen production at exposure levels up to 4 W/kg. This suggests that using 5G and older wireless technologies together doesn't create additional health risks under laboratory conditions.

Exposure Information

A logarithmic frequency spectrum from 10 Hz to 100 GHz showing where this study's 3.5 GHz and 1.8 GHz exposure sits relative to common EMF sources.Where This Frequency Sits on the EMF SpectrumELFVLFLF / MFHF / VHFUHFSHFmm10 Hz100 GHzThis study: 3.5 GHz and 1.8 GHzPower lines50/60 Hz5G mm28 GHzLogarithmic scale
Cite This Study
Unknown (2025). Effects of Simultaneous In-Vitro Exposure to 5G-Modulated 3.5 GHz and GSM-Modulated 1.8 GHz Radio-Frequency Electromagnetic Fields on Neuronal Network Electrical Activity and Cellular Stress in Skin Fibroblast Cells.
Show BibTeX
@article{effects_of_simultaneous_in_vitro_exposure_to_5g_modulated_35_ghz_and_gsm_modulated_18_ghz_radio_frequency_electromagnetic_fields_on_neuronal_network_electrical_activity_and_cellular_stress_in_skin_fib_ce2422,
  author = {Unknown},
  title = {Effects of Simultaneous In-Vitro Exposure to 5G-Modulated 3.5 GHz and GSM-Modulated 1.8 GHz Radio-Frequency Electromagnetic Fields on Neuronal Network Electrical Activity and Cellular Stress in Skin Fibroblast Cells},
  year = {2025},
  doi = {10.1002/bem.70026},
  
}
DOI: 10.1002/bem.70026PubMed: 41104878

Quick Questions About This Study

No, this study found no evidence that simultaneous exposure to 5G-modulated 3.5 GHz and GSM-modulated 1.8 GHz signals creates additional biological effects compared to single-frequency exposure in laboratory cell cultures.
Researchers tested specific absorption rates of 1 and 4 W/kg, which represent realistic exposure levels from wireless devices. These SAR values are within current regulatory limits for consumer electronics.
No, cortical neurons showed no significant changes in firing rates or bursting patterns when exposed to 3.5 GHz 5G-modulated signals, either alone or combined with 1.8 GHz GSM signals.
The study detected only minor variations in stress protein activity that were near detection limits and showed no consistent patterns. These small changes likely fall within normal experimental variability ranges.
No, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production in human skin fibroblasts remained unaffected by simultaneous exposure to both 5G and GSM radiofrequency signals at the tested power levels.