Extremely Low Frequency Electric and Magnetic Fields in Domestic Birds
Wayne K. Durfee, Pei Wen Chang, Charles Polk, Lewis T. Smith, Vance J. Yates, Paul R. Plante, S. Muthukrishnan, Hang-Ju Chen · 1975
Finding
Statistical analyses of the results of these studies revealed that the ELF magnetic and electric fields tested had no significant or consistent effects on the following criteria used to evaluate the responses of embryos and chicks: 1. Hatchability of fertile eggs. 2. Embryonic survival during the most critical stages of development. 3. Early post-embryonic growth (to four weeks of age). 4. Learning and memory consolidation in the neo-nate chick. 5. Growth and development of the immature bird to ten weeks of age.
In their words
“Statistical analyses of the results of these studies revealed that the ELF magnetic and electric fields tested had no significant or consistent effects on the following criteria used to evaluate the responses of embryos and chicks: 1. Hatchability of fertile eggs. 2. Embryonic survival during the most critical stages of development. 3. Early post-embryonic growth (to four weeks of age). 4. Learning and memory consolidation in the neo-nate chick. 5. Growth and development of the immature bird to ten weeks of age.”
Exposure Details
- Magnetic Field
- 1 gauss
- Electric Field
- 3600 V/m
- Exposure Duration
- continuous exposure of embryos and chicks throughout the egg holding, incubation, and hatching periods and through the first four weeks of brooding
Exposure Context
This study used 3600 V/m for electric fields:
- 12Kx above the Building Biology guideline of 0.3 V/m
This study used 1 gauss for magnetic fields:
- 5x above the Building Biology guideline of 0.2 mG
- 1x above the BioInitiative Report recommendation of 1 mG
Building Biology guidelines are practitioner-based limits from real-world assessments. BioInitiative Report recommendations are based on peer-reviewed science. Check Your Exposure to compare your own measurements.
Where This Falls on the Concern Scale
Show BibTeX
@article{extremely_low_frequency_electric_and_magnetic_fields_in_domestic_birds_g3854,
author = {Wayne K. Durfee and Pei Wen Chang and Charles Polk and Lewis T. Smith and Vance J. Yates and Paul R. Plante and S. Muthukrishnan and Hang-Ju Chen},
title = {Extremely Low Frequency Electric and Magnetic Fields in Domestic Birds},
year = {1975},
}