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Oxidative stress and testicular damage induced by chronic exposure to 35.5 GHz millimeter wave radiation in male Wistar rats

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Gautam R, Jha N, Tomar AK, Nirala JP, Arora T, Rajamani P · 2025

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Chronic exposure to 35.5 GHz radiation for 2 hours daily over 60 days significantly decreased sperm viability and count, increased lipid peroxidation and DNA damage, and reduced antioxidant defenses in rat testes.

Plain English Summary

Summary written for general audiences

The exposed group received 35.5 GHz millimeter wave radiation for 2 hours per day over 60 days. Exposure significantly reduced sperm viability and count and caused morphometric changes in testicular tissue. Lipid peroxidation increased while superoxide dismutase, total sulfhydryl levels, and total antioxidant capacity decreased in exposed rats. DNA damage measured by comet assay was significantly increased in the exposed group.

Why This Matters

The study assessed sperm mitochondrial activity and multiple oxidative stress markers in testis homogenate. The authors suggest that oxidative mechanisms may underlie the observed testicular tissue damage. They conclude that chronic 35.5 GHz exposure may impair male reproductive function through oxidative stress.

Exposure Information

A logarithmic frequency spectrum from 10 Hz to 100 GHz showing where this study's 35.5 GHz exposure sits relative to common EMF sources.Where This Frequency Sits on the EMF SpectrumELFVLFLF / MFHF / VHFUHFSHFmm10 Hz100 GHzThis study: 35.5 GHzPower lines50/60 HzCell phones~1 GHzWiFi2.4 GHzLogarithmic scale

Specific exposure levels were not quantified in this study.

Cite This Study
Gautam R, Jha N, Tomar AK, Nirala JP, Arora T, Rajamani P (2025). Oxidative stress and testicular damage induced by chronic exposure to 35.5 GHz millimeter wave radiation in male Wistar rats.
Show BibTeX
@article{gautam_r_jha_n_tomar_ak_nirala_jp_arora_t_rajamani_p_ce2382,
  author = {Gautam R and Jha N and Tomar AK and Nirala JP and Arora T and Rajamani P},
  title = {Oxidative stress and testicular damage induced by chronic exposure to 35.5 GHz millimeter wave radiation in male Wistar rats},
  year = {2025},
  doi = {10.1111/andr.70107},
  
}

Quick Questions About This Study

The exposed rats received 35.5 GHz radiation for 2 hours per day over 60 days.
Exposure significantly decreased sperm viability and count.
Lipid peroxidation increased while superoxide dismutase, total sulfhydryl levels, and total antioxidant capacity decreased.
The comet assay revealed a significant increase in DNA damage in the exposed group.
The authors concluded that chronic 35.5 GHz exposure may negatively impact male reproductive function and testicular tissue through oxidative stress mechanisms.