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SAR / Device Absorption

Analysis of three-dimensional SAR distributions emitted by mobile phones in an epidemiological perspective.

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Deltour I, Wiart J, Taki M, Wake K, Varsier N, Mann S, Schüz J, Cardis E. · 2011

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The three-dimensional SAR distribution in phantom models did not appear related to external phone characteristics that could refine exposure assessment in epidemiological studies.

Plain English Summary

Summary written for general audiences

Researchers analyzed the three-dimensional SAR distribution in phantom models to detect clusters of phones, summarizing each phone by a half-ellipsoid above half the maximum SAR and using Partitioning Around Medoids with ellipsoid overlap and Manhattan distance. Weak clustering was found for handset shape (bar phone, flip with top and flip with central antennas) but only in specific positions (tilt or cheek) within the 800 MHz band and partly in 900 and 1800 MHz bands. On 120 phones, the three-dimensional SAR distribution did not appear related to external phone characteristics or measurement characteristics that could refine exposure assessment in epidemiological studies such as Interphone.

Why This Matters

The clusters were characterized by the phones' external features, frequency band, and communication protocol. Compliance measurements were taken with phones in cheek and tilt positions on both sides of a physical phantom. The phones operated on PDC, CdmaOne, GSM, and NMT systems across the 800, 900, 1500, and 1800 MHz bands.

Exposure Information

A logarithmic frequency spectrum from 10 Hz to 100 GHz showing where this study's 1.80 GHz exposure sits relative to common EMF sources.Where This Frequency Sits on the EMF SpectrumELFVLFLF / MFHF / VHFUHFSHFmm10 Hz100 GHzThis study: 1.80 GHzPower lines50/60 Hz5G mm28 GHzLogarithmic scale

Specific exposure levels were not quantified in this study. The study examined exposure from: 800, 900, 1500 and 1800 MHz

Study Details

The three-dimensional distribution of the specific absorption rate of energy (SAR) in phantom models was analysed to detect clusters of mobile phones producing similar spatial deposition of energy in the head.

The clusters' characteristics were described from the phones external features, frequency band and c...

Each phone's measurements were summarised by the half-ellipsoid in which the SAR values were above h...

Cite This Study
Deltour I, Wiart J, Taki M, Wake K, Varsier N, Mann S, Schüz J, Cardis E. (2011). Analysis of three-dimensional SAR distributions emitted by mobile phones in an epidemiological perspective. Bioelectromagnetics. 32(8):634-643, 2011.
Show BibTeX
@article{i_2011_analysis_of_threedimensional_sar_2026,
  author = {Deltour I and Wiart J and Taki M and Wake K and Varsier N and Mann S and Schüz J and Cardis E.},
  title = {Analysis of three-dimensional SAR distributions emitted by mobile phones in an epidemiological perspective.},
  year = {2011},
  doi = {10.1002/bem.20684},
  url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/bem.20684},
}
DOI: 10.1002/bem.20684

Cited By (13 papers)

View all 13 citing papers on Semantic Scholar

Quick Questions About This Study

The three-dimensional SAR distribution in phantom models did not appear related to external phone characteristics that could refine exposure assessment in epidemiological studies.
Each phone's measurements were summarized by a half-ellipsoid where SAR values exceeded half the maximum value.
Weak clustering was found for handset shape (bar phone, flip with top and flip with central antennas) but only in specific positions (tilt or cheek) within the 800 MHz band and partly in 900 and 1800 MHz bands.
The phones used PDC, CdmaOne, GSM, and NMT systems in the 800, 900, 1500, and 1800 MHz bands.
Compliance measurements were taken with phones in cheek and tilt positions on both the left and right sides of a physical phantom.