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Brain & Nervous System

Effects of extremely low frequency magnetic fields on NGF induced neuronal differentiation of PC12 cells.

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Jung IS, Kim HJ, Noh R, Kim SC, Kim CW. · 2014

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Exposing NGF-treated PC12 cells to 50 Hz, 1 mT ELF magnetic fields for 5 days increased neurite length and the number of neurite-bearing cells.

Plain English Summary

Summary written for general audiences

Researchers investigated how extremely low frequency magnetic fields affect nerve-growth-factor-induced neuronal differentiation of PC12 cells using proteomic methods. After 5 days of exposure at 50 Hz and 1 mT, neurite length and the number of neurite-bearing cells increased, while proliferation activity decreased. Six proteins were found to be differentially expressed between exposed and unexposed NGF-treated cells, including peripherin, VGF8a, HSP72-psI, LMW-PTP/ACP1, TUBA1A, and OPA1L.

Why This Matters

The cells studied, PC12 cells, were treated with nerve growth factor to begin differentiating into neuron-like cells before magnetic field exposure was applied. Neuronal differentiation related mRNA levels and protein levels were increased in NGF-induced PC12 cells exposed to the fields. Protein differences between exposed and control cells were mapped using two-dimensional electrophoresis gels. The researchers stated that identifying these proteins provides clues to the mechanism of ELF-MFs stimulation on NGF induced PC12 cells that occur during neuronal differentiation.

Exposure Details

Magnetic Field
1 mT
Source/Device
50 Hz
Exposure Duration
continuous for 1, 3, or 5 days

Exposure Context

This study used 1 mT for magnetic fields:

Building Biology guidelines are practitioner-based limits from real-world assessments. BioInitiative Report recommendations are based on peer-reviewed science. Check Your Exposure to compare your own measurements.

Where This Falls on the Concern Scale

Study Exposure Level in ContextStudy Exposure Level in ContextThis study: 1 mTExtreme Concern - 5 mGFCC Limit - 2,000 mGEffects observed in the Extreme Concern range (Building Biology)This level is 5 times the FCC limit
A logarithmic frequency spectrum from 10 Hz to 100 GHz showing where this study's 50 Hz exposure sits relative to common EMF sources.Where This Frequency Sits on the EMF SpectrumELFVLFLF / MFHF / VHFUHFSHFmm10 Hz100 GHzThis study: 50 HzCell phones~1 GHzWiFi2.4 GHz5G mm28 GHzLogarithmic scale

Study Details

The present study investigated ELF‐MFs effect on nerve growth factor (NGF) induced neuronal differentiation of PC12 cells using proteomic applications to understand its role in the enhancement of neuronal differentiation.

After 50 Hz, 1 mT ELF‐MFs 5‐day exposure on NGF induced PC12 cells, it was observed to increase neur...

The identification of these proteins provides clues to the mechanism of ELF‐MFs stimulation on NGF induced PC12 cells that occur during neuronal differentiation and may contribute to the development novel treatments for neurodegenerative diseases.

Cite This Study
Jung IS, Kim HJ, Noh R, Kim SC, Kim CW. (2014). Effects of extremely low frequency magnetic fields on NGF induced neuronal differentiation of PC12 cells. Bioelectromagnetics. 2014 Aug 26. doi: 10.1002/bem.21861.
Show BibTeX
@article{is_2014_effects_of_extremely_low_112,
  author = {Jung IS and Kim HJ and Noh R and Kim SC and Kim CW. },
  title = {Effects of extremely low frequency magnetic fields on NGF induced neuronal differentiation of PC12 cells.},
  year = {2014},
  doi = {10.1002/bem.21861},
  url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/bem.21861},
}
DOI: 10.1002/bem.21861

Cited By (21 papers)

Quick Questions About This Study

The study used PC12 cells treated with nerve growth factor and exposed them to 50 Hz, 1 mT extremely low frequency magnetic fields for 5 days.
Exposure was observed to increase neurite length as well as the number of neurite-bearing cells.
There was a decrease in proliferation activity, which the researchers associated with an increase in differentiated cells.
Protein differences were measured with two-dimensional electrophoresis gels, and six differentially expressed spots were identified by mass spectrometry.
The researchers said the findings may contribute to the development of novel treatments for neurodegenerative diseases.