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Genotoxic effects of 3 T magnetic resonance imaging in cultured human lymphocytes.

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Lee JW, Kim MS, Kim YJ, Choi YJ, Lee Y, Chung HW. · 2011

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3 Tesla MRI scanners cause measurable DNA damage in human cells that increases with longer exposure times.

Plain English Summary

Summary written for general audiences

Researchers exposed human immune cells (lymphocytes) to electromagnetic fields from clinical 3 Tesla MRI scanners for different time periods, from 22 to 89 minutes. They found that longer exposures caused increasing levels of DNA damage, including single-strand breaks and chromosome abnormalities. This suggests that the powerful electromagnetic fields used in high-strength MRI machines may pose genetic risks that increase with exposure time.

Why This Matters

This research raises important questions about the safety of increasingly powerful MRI scanners. While 3 Tesla MRI machines provide superior image quality, this study demonstrates they can cause measurable DNA damage in human cells in a dose-dependent manner. The researchers found that genetic damage doubled after 89 minutes of exposure compared to unexposed cells. What makes this particularly concerning is that 3 Tesla MRI has become the clinical standard, with many hospitals upgrading from older 1.5 Tesla machines. The reality is that patients undergoing longer MRI procedures may face cumulative genetic damage. While a single MRI scan likely poses minimal risk, the evidence shows we need better understanding of the biological effects from these powerful electromagnetic fields, especially for patients requiring multiple scans or healthcare workers with occupational exposure.

Exposure Details

Magnetic Field
3000 mG
Exposure Duration
22, 45, 67, and 89 min

Exposure Context

This study used 3000 mG for magnetic fields:

Building Biology guidelines are practitioner-based limits from real-world assessments. BioInitiative Report recommendations are based on peer-reviewed science. Check Your Exposure to compare your own measurements.

Where This Falls on the Concern Scale

Study Exposure Level in ContextA logarithmic scale showing exposure levels relative to Building Biology concern thresholds and regulatory limits.Study Exposure Level in ContextThis study: 3000 mGExtreme Concern5 mGFCC Limit2,000 mGEffects observed in the Extreme Concern range (Building Biology)FCC limit is 1x higher than this exposure level

Study Details

In this study, the genotoxic potential of 3 T clinical MRI scans in cultured human lymphocytes in vitro was investigated by analyzing chromosome aberrations (CA), micronuclei (MN), and single-cell gel electrophoresis.

Human lymphocytes were exposed to electromagnetic fields generated during MRI scanning (clinical rou...

We observed a significant increase in the frequency of single-strand DNA breaks following exposure t...

These results suggest that exposure to 3 T MRI induces genotoxic effects in human lymphocytes.

Cite This Study
Lee JW, Kim MS, Kim YJ, Choi YJ, Lee Y, Chung HW. (2011). Genotoxic effects of 3 T magnetic resonance imaging in cultured human lymphocytes. Bioelectromagnetics. 32(7):535-542, 2011.
Show BibTeX
@article{jw_2011_genotoxic_effects_of_3_1144,
  author = {Lee JW and Kim MS and Kim YJ and Choi YJ and Lee Y and Chung HW.},
  title = {Genotoxic effects of 3 T magnetic resonance imaging in cultured human lymphocytes.},
  year = {2011},
  
  url = {https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21412810/},
}

Quick Questions About This Study

Researchers exposed human immune cells (lymphocytes) to electromagnetic fields from clinical 3 Tesla MRI scanners for different time periods, from 22 to 89 minutes. They found that longer exposures caused increasing levels of DNA damage, including single-strand breaks and chromosome abnormalities. This suggests that the powerful electromagnetic fields used in high-strength MRI machines may pose genetic risks that increase with exposure time.