Note: This study found no significant biological effects under its experimental conditions. We include all studies for scientific completeness.
Lee HJ et al, (October 2011) The effects of simultaneous combined exposure to CDMA and WCDMA electromagnetic fields on rat testicular function, Bioelectromagnetics
No Effects Found
Authors not listed · 2011
Combined CDMA and WCDMA exposure at twice cell phone SAR limits showed no sperm damage in this 12-week rat study.
Plain English Summary
Summary written for general audiences
Researchers exposed male rats to combined CDMA and WCDMA cell phone radiation at high levels (4.0 W/kg SAR) for 12 weeks to test effects on sperm production and testicular function. The study found no observable adverse effects on spermatogenesis or related reproductive markers. This research examined what happens when organisms are exposed to multiple cell phone frequencies simultaneously.
Cite This Study
Unknown (2011). Lee HJ et al, (October 2011) The effects of simultaneous combined exposure to CDMA and WCDMA electromagnetic fields on rat testicular function, Bioelectromagnetics.
Show BibTeX
@article{lee_hj_et_al_october_2011_the_effects_of_simultaneous_combined_exposure_to_cdma_and_wcdma_electromagnetic_fields_on_rat_testicular_function_bioelectromagnetics_ce1854,
author = {Unknown},
title = {Lee HJ et al, (October 2011) The effects of simultaneous combined exposure to CDMA and WCDMA electromagnetic fields on rat testicular function, Bioelectromagnetics},
year = {2011},
doi = {10.1002/bem.20715},
}Quick Questions About This Study
This study found no adverse effects on rat sperm production or testicular function after 12 weeks of combined CDMA and WCDMA exposure at 4.0 W/kg SAR. However, this represents just one study in an area requiring more research.
The researchers used 2.0 W/kg SAR for each frequency (CDMA and WCDMA), totaling 4.0 W/kg SAR. This is double the current regulatory limit of 2.0 W/kg for individual cell phones in many countries.
Male rats were exposed for 45 minutes per day, 5 days per week, for a total of 12 weeks. This exposure schedule was designed to simulate chronic but intermittent wireless device usage patterns.
No, the study found no significant changes in blood serum testosterone concentrations in rats exposed to combined CDMA and WCDMA radiation compared to sham-exposed control animals after 12 weeks of exposure.
Researchers examined sperm count, testosterone levels, oxidative stress markers, spermatogenesis stages, testicular cell death, and various proteins including p53, bcl2, GADD45, cyclin G, and HSP70 to assess comprehensive reproductive function.