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2.45GHz radiofrequency fields alter gene expression in cultured human cells.

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Lee S, Johnson D, Dunbar K, Dong H, Ge X, Kim YC, Wing C, Jayathilaka N, Emmanuel N, Zhou CQ, Gerber HL, Tseng CC, Wang SM · 2005

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Researchers exposed cultured human HL-60 cells to pulsed 2.45 GHz RF fields and observed 221 genes with altered expression after 2 hours and 759 after 6 hours.

Plain English Summary

Summary written for general audiences

The study used the serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) method to measure genome-wide gene expression changes in cultured human HL-60 cells exposed to pulsed 2.45 GHz RF fields. After a 2-hour exposure, 221 genes showed altered expression, increasing to 759 genes after 6 hours. Apoptosis-related genes were upregulated while cell cycle genes were downregulated, with no significant increase in heat shock genes.

Why This Matters

The researchers investigated whether RF fields could cause changes in gene expression. They concluded that the RF fields at 2.45 GHz can alter gene expression in cultured human cells through a non-thermal mechanism.

Exposure Information

A logarithmic frequency spectrum from 10 Hz to 100 GHz showing where this study's 2.45 GHz exposure sits relative to common EMF sources.Where This Frequency Sits on the EMF SpectrumELFVLFLF / MFHF / VHFUHFSHFmm10 Hz100 GHzThis study: 2.45 GHzPower lines50/60 Hz5G mm28 GHzLogarithmic scale

Specific exposure levels were not quantified in this study. The study examined exposure from: 2.45 GHz Duration: 2 hours

Study Details

We address this issue by examining whether RF fields can cause changes in gene expression.

We used the pulsed RF fields at a frequency of 2.45 GHz that is commonly used in telecommunication t...

We observed that 221 genes altered their expression after a 2-h exposure. The number of affected gen...

These results indicate that the RF fields at 2.45 GHz can alter gene expression in cultured human cells through non-thermal mechanism.

Cite This Study
Lee S, Johnson D, Dunbar K, Dong H, Ge X, Kim YC, Wing C, Jayathilaka N, Emmanuel N, Zhou CQ, Gerber HL, Tseng CC, Wang SM (2005). 2.45GHz radiofrequency fields alter gene expression in cultured human cells. FEBS Lett. 579(21):4829-4836, 2005.
Show BibTeX
@article{s_2005_245ghz_radiofrequency_fields_alter_2345,
  author = {Lee S and Johnson D and Dunbar K and Dong H and Ge X and Kim YC and Wing C and Jayathilaka N and Emmanuel N and Zhou CQ and Gerber HL and Tseng CC and Wang SM},
  title = {2.45GHz radiofrequency fields alter gene expression in cultured human cells.},
  year = {2005},
  
  url = {https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16107253/},
}
PubMed: 16107253

Cited By (97 papers)

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Quick Questions About This Study

The study used cultured human HL-60 cells.
The exposure used pulsed RF fields at 2.45 GHz.
After 2 hours, 221 genes altered their expression, and after 6 hours, 759 genes were affected.
Apoptosis-related genes were among the upregulated ones, and cell cycle genes were among the downregulated ones.
No significant increase in heat shock gene expression was observed.