6,486 Studies Reviewed. 85.2% of Original Studies Found Biological Effects. The Evidence is Clear.

Magnetite biomineralization in the human brain

Not an original health-effects study

Authors not listed · 1992

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Researchers detected ferromagnetic material in human brain tissue and identified minerals in the magnetite-maghemite family.

Plain English Summary

Summary written for general audiences

The study used an ultrasensitive superconducting magnetometer to detect ferromagnetic material in various human brain tissues. High-resolution electron microscopy identified the minerals as belonging to the magnetite-maghemite family, with crystal morphologies resembling those produced by magnetotactic bacteria and fish. The measurements imply at least 5 million single-domain crystals per gram in most brain tissues and over 100 million per gram in the pia and dura.

Why This Matters

Magnetic property data show the crystals form clumps of 50 to 100 particles. The authors suggest biogenic magnetite may explain high-field saturation effects in MRI and possible biological effects of low-frequency magnetic fields.

Cite This Study
Unknown (1992). Magnetite biomineralization in the human brain.
Show BibTeX
@article{magnetite_biomineralization_in_the_human_brain_ce2274,
  author = {Unknown},
  title = {Magnetite biomineralization in the human brain},
  year = {1992},
  doi = {10.1073/PNAS.89.16.7683},
  
}

Quick Questions About This Study

They detected ferromagnetic material identified as minerals in the magnetite-maghemite family, with crystal morphologies resembling those from magnetotactic bacteria and fish.
Measurements imply a minimum of 5 million single-domain crystals per gram in most brain tissues and over 100 million per gram in the pia and dura.
The crystals are arranged in clumps of 50 to 100 particles.
Biogenic magnetite may account for high-field saturation effects in MRI and possibly for biological effects of low-frequency magnetic fields.