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Occupational exposures to radiofrequency fields: results of an Israeli national survey

Measurement survey

Authors not listed · 2015

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The Israeli national survey found that most routine occupational RF exposures were below 1% of ACGIH limits, but walkie-talkie, induction heating, and plastic welding workers had the highest exposures.

Plain English Summary

Summary written for general audiences

Researchers conducted an Israeli national survey of occupational radiofrequency field levels between 100 kHz and 40 GHz across 25 occupations. They recorded almost 4300 measurements from 900 sources and categorized exposures as routine, incidental, or unintended. The geometric mean of routine exposures was below 1% of ACGIH threshold limit values for most occupations, but walkie-talkie, induction heating, plastic welding, industrial heating, and diathermy workers had higher percentages. Incidental and unintended exposures exceeded the TLV for one and 14 occupations respectively. Walkie-talkie workers dominated collective exposure, accounting for 96.3% of the total.

Why This Matters

The authors noted that relatively high RF exposures can occur in broadcast, medical, and communications industries as well as in law enforcement. They reported that within-occupation geometric standard deviations were very large, so even though medians were below the limit, variable fractions of workers were projected to exceed it. The paper cautions that a brief exceedance of the TLV does not automatically indicate hazard because limits include a tenfold safety factor and are based on a six-minute averaging period.

Exposure Information

A logarithmic frequency spectrum from 10 Hz to 100 GHz showing where this study's 100 kHz - 40 GHz exposure sits relative to common EMF sources.Where This Frequency Sits on the EMF SpectrumELFVLFLF / MFHF / VHFUHFSHFmm10 Hz100 GHzThis study: 100 kHz - 40 GHzPower lines50/60 HzCell phones~1 GHzWiFi2.4 GHz5G mm28 GHzLogarithmic scale

Specific exposure levels were not quantified in this study.

Cite This Study
Unknown (2015). Occupational exposures to radiofrequency fields: results of an Israeli national survey.
Show BibTeX
@article{occupational_exposures_to_radiofrequency_fields_results_of_an_israeli_national_survey_ce603,
  author = {Unknown},
  title = {Occupational exposures to radiofrequency fields: results of an Israeli national survey},
  year = {2015},
  doi = {10.1088/0952-4746/35/2/429},
  
}

Quick Questions About This Study

The survey measured occupational radiofrequency field levels between 100 kHz and 40 GHz across 25 occupations, recording almost 4300 measurements from 900 sources categorized as routine, incidental, or unintended.
Walkie-talkie, induction heating, plastic welding, industrial heating, and diathermy workers had the highest geometric mean routine exposures as a percentage of ACGIH threshold limit values.
Walkie-talkie workers accounted for 96.3% of the cumulative collective exposure across all occupations.
A brief exceedance of the TLV does not automatically translate to hazard because RF exposure limits include a tenfold safety factor relative to thermal thresholds and are based on a six-minute averaging period.
The geometric mean of incidental exposures exceeded the TLV for one occupation, while unintended exposures exceeded the TLV for 14 occupations.