6,486 Studies Reviewed. 85.2% of Original Studies Found Biological Effects. The Evidence is Clear.

Problems and Perspectives in Microwave Research

Bioeffects Seen

Authors not listed · 1974

Share:

A critical review finds a large body of dependable data on microwave bioeffects but no incontrovertible evidence of subtle, longterm, or cumulative effects.

Plain English Summary

Summary written for general audiences

Many investigations suffer from inadequacies of either technical facilities and energy measurement skills or insufficient control of the biological specimens and the criteria for biological change. A large body of dependable data on the biologic effects of microwave exposure has been accumulated without any incontrovertible evidence of subtle, longterm, or cumulative effects. The apparent differences in U.S. and Eastern European standards are based not on actual factual information but on differences in basic philosophy. These differences appear in the areas of industrial hygiene, basic scientific research, and reporting of scientific data.

Exposure Details

Power Density
1.0 mW/cm²
Exposure Duration
2 hours

Exposure Context

This study used 1.0 mW/cm² for radio frequency:

Building Biology guidelines are practitioner-based limits from real-world assessments. BioInitiative Report recommendations are based on peer-reviewed science. Check Your Exposure to compare your own measurements.

Where This Falls on the Concern Scale

Study Exposure Level in ContextStudy Exposure Level in ContextThis study: 1.0 mW/cm²Extreme Concern - 1,000 µW/m²FCC Limit - 10M µW/m²Effects observed in the Extreme Concern range (Building Biology)This level is 1,000 times the FCC limit
A logarithmic frequency spectrum from 10 Hz to 100 GHz showing where this study's 2.45 GHz exposure sits relative to common EMF sources.Where This Frequency Sits on the EMF SpectrumELFVLFLF / MFHF / VHFUHFSHFmm10 Hz100 GHzThis study: 2.45 GHzPower lines50/60 Hz5G mm28 GHzLogarithmic scale
Cite This Study
Unknown (1974). Problems and Perspectives in Microwave Research.
Show BibTeX
@article{problems_and_perspectives_in_microwave_research_g4046,
  author = {Unknown},
  title = {Problems and Perspectives in Microwave Research},
  year = {1974},
  
  
}
No DOI on file for this study.

Quick Questions About This Study

Many investigations suffer from inadequacies of either technical facilities and energy measurement skills or insufficient control of the biological specimens and the criteria for biological change.
A large body of dependable data on the biologic effects of microwave exposure has been accumulated without any incontrovertible evidence of subtle, longterm, or cumulative effects.
The apparent differences in U.S. and Eastern European standards are based not on actual factual information but on differences in basic philosophy. These differences appear in the areas of industrial hygiene, basic scientific research, and reporting of scientific data.