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Protein Kinase C Activity in developing rat brain cells exposed to 2.45 GHz radiation

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Paulraj R, Behari J · 2006

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Chronic 2.45 GHz exposure reduced key brain enzymes in developing rats at levels below current cell phone limits.

Plain English Summary

Summary written for general audiences

Researchers exposed developing rat brains to 2.45 GHz radiation (the same frequency as WiFi and microwaves) for 2 hours daily over 35 days. They found significant decreases in protein kinase C activity in the hippocampus, a brain region crucial for learning and memory, plus increased glial cells which can indicate brain inflammation. The study suggests that chronic microwave exposure during brain development may interfere with normal growth and cellular function.

Why This Matters

This research adds to mounting evidence that microwave radiation affects developing brain tissue at exposure levels well below current safety limits. The SAR of 0.11 W/kg used in this study is actually lower than the maximum allowed for cell phones (2.0 W/kg in the US), yet still produced measurable changes in brain biochemistry. Protein kinase C plays essential roles in cell signaling, memory formation, and brain development - disruptions to this enzyme system could have lasting consequences for cognitive function. What makes this study particularly concerning is the focus on developing brains, which are more vulnerable to environmental toxins than adult brains. The researchers' conclusion that chronic exposures may affect brain growth and development deserves serious attention, especially given how ubiquitous 2.45 GHz radiation has become in our daily environment through WiFi routers, wireless devices, and microwave ovens.

Exposure Details

SAR
0.11 W/kg
Power Density
0.344 µW/m²
Source/Device
2.45 GHz
Exposure Duration
2 h/day for 35 days

Exposure Context

This study used 0.344 µW/m² for radio frequency:

Building Biology guidelines are practitioner-based limits from real-world assessments. BioInitiative Report recommendations are based on peer-reviewed science. Check Your Exposure to compare your own measurements.

Where This Falls on the Concern Scale

Study Exposure Level in ContextA logarithmic scale showing exposure levels relative to Building Biology concern thresholds and regulatory limits.Study Exposure Level in ContextThis study: 0.344 µW/m²Extreme Concern1,000 uW/m2FCC Limit10M uW/m2Effects observed in the Slight Concern range (Building Biology)FCC limit is 29,069,767x higher than this exposure level

Study Details

To assess Protein kinase C activity in developing rat brain cells exposed to 2.45 GHz radiation.

There is growing concern by the public regarding the potential human health hazard due to exposure t...

Our study reveals a statistically significant (p < 0.05) decrease in PKC activity in hippocampus as ...

This present study is indicative of a significant change after exposure to the above-mentioned field intensity. This suggests that chronic exposures may affect brain growth and development.

Cite This Study
Paulraj R, Behari J (2006). Protein Kinase C Activity in developing rat brain cells exposed to 2.45 GHz radiation Electromag Biol Med 25(1) 61-70, 2006.
Show BibTeX
@article{r_2006_protein_kinase_c_activity_1260,
  author = {Paulraj R and  Behari J},
  title = {Protein Kinase C Activity in developing rat brain cells exposed to 2.45 GHz radiation},
  year = {2006},
  
  url = {https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16595335/},
}

Quick Questions About This Study

Researchers exposed developing rat brains to 2.45 GHz radiation (the same frequency as WiFi and microwaves) for 2 hours daily over 35 days. They found significant decreases in protein kinase C activity in the hippocampus, a brain region crucial for learning and memory, plus increased glial cells which can indicate brain inflammation. The study suggests that chronic microwave exposure during brain development may interfere with normal growth and cellular function.