6,486 Studies Reviewed. 85.2% of Original Studies Found Biological Effects. The Evidence is Clear.

Radio Frequency and Microwave Radiation

Bioeffects Seen

Authors not listed · 1972

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The 1972 guide summarizes microwave biological effects and provides ANSI recommended maximum exposure of 10 mW/cm².

Plain English Summary

Summary written for general audiences

The guide defines radio frequency and microwave bands from 10 MHz to 300 GHz and describes common sources such as radar, communication systems, medical diathermy, and microwave ovens. It explains that microwaves interact with tissue mainly by converting electromagnetic energy to heat, with penetration depth depending on wavelength. ANSI recommends a maximum power density of 10 mW/cm² for exposures of 0.1 hour or more. ACGIH sets a threshold limit value of 10 mW/cm² for continuous exposure and 25 mW/cm² for intermittent exposure.

Why This Matters

The guide notes that high-voltage electron tubes in microwave transmitters can produce x-rays as an unintended byproduct. Soviet investigators suggested microwaves may affect the central nervous system at molecular and cellular levels without significant heating.

Exposure Information

A logarithmic frequency spectrum from 10 Hz to 100 GHz showing where this study's 10 MHz - 300 GHz exposure sits relative to common EMF sources.Where This Frequency Sits on the EMF SpectrumELFVLFLF / MFHF / VHFUHFSHFmm10 Hz100 GHzThis study: 10 MHz - 300 GHzPower lines50/60 HzCell phones~1 GHzWiFi2.4 GHz5G mm28 GHzLogarithmic scale

Specific exposure levels were not quantified in this study.

Cite This Study
Unknown (1972). Radio Frequency and Microwave Radiation.
Show BibTeX
@article{radio_frequency_and_microwave_radiation_g5951,
  author = {Unknown},
  title = {Radio Frequency and Microwave Radiation},
  year = {1972},
  
  
}
No DOI on file for this study.

Quick Questions About This Study

The guide covers radio frequency and microwave radiation from 10 MHz to 300 GHz.
Microwaves interact with tissue mainly by converting electromagnetic energy to heat through molecular energy absorption.
ANSI recommends a maximum power density of 10 mW/cm² for exposure periods of 0.1 hour or more.