The HL-60 human promyelocytic cell line constitutes an effective in vitro model for evaluating toxicity, oxidative stress and necrosis/apoptosis after exposure to black carbon particles and 2.45 GHz radio frequency
Authors not listed · 2023
Exposure to 2.45 GHz RF radiation and black carbon particles increased cell damage, oxidative stress, and triggered necrosis and apoptosis in HL-60 cells.
Plain English Summary
RF and BC induced moderately significant cell damage at 8 or 24 hours and much greater damage after 48 hours and higher BC dose, and an antiproliferative effect increased with exposure time and dose. Oxidative stress and ROS production increased with radiation time, BC dose, and their combination. Both radiation and BC separately and jointly triggered necrosis and apoptosis, with BCL2a gene expression activated after 24 hours and FASR and caspase-3 activation after 48 hours.
Why This Matters
The interaction between black carbon and RF radiation modified the immune response in the HL-60 cell line, leading to two distinct cell fates: necrosis and mitochondria-caspase dependent apoptosis. Significant differences between the proportion of damaged and healthy cells were observed in all exposure groups. The authors suggest the findings may be important for antimicrobial, inflammatory, and autoimmune responses in humans.
Exposure Information
Specific exposure levels were not quantified in this study.
Show BibTeX
@article{the_hl_60_human_promyelocytic_cell_line_constitutes_an_effective_in_vitro_model_for_evaluating_toxicity_oxidative_stress_and_necrosisapoptosis_after_exposure_to_black_carbon_particles_and_245_ghz_radi_ce2612,
author = {Unknown},
title = {The HL-60 human promyelocytic cell line constitutes an effective in vitro model for evaluating toxicity, oxidative stress and necrosis/apoptosis after exposure to black carbon particles and 2.45 GHz radio frequency},
year = {2023},
doi = {10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161475},
}