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Oxidative Stress

Overproduction of free radical species in embryonal cells exposed to low intensity radiofrequency radiation

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Burlaka A, Tsybulin O, Sidorik E, Lukin S, Polishuk V, Tsehmistrenko S, Yakymenko I · 2013

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Quail embryos exposed to GSM 900 MHz radiation showed significantly increased free radical production and oxidative DNA damage in embryo cells.

Plain English Summary

Summary written for general audiences

Researchers exposed Japanese quail embryos in ovo to GSM 900 MHz radiofrequency radiation at 0.25 µW/cm2 for 158 to 360 hours on a discontinuous schedule. The exposure produced a significant persistent overproduction of superoxide and nitrogen oxide in embryo cells throughout the analysis period. Exposed embryo cells also showed significantly increased levels of TBARS and 8-oxo-dG alongside significantly decreased superoxide dismutase and catalase activities.

Why This Matters

The study aimed to assess the production of initial free radical species, which lead to oxidative stress in the cell. Researchers measured superoxide, nitrogen oxide, TBARS, 8-oxo-dG, and antioxidant enzyme activities in embryo cells and tissues at 38 hours, 5 days, and 10 days of development. The researchers noted that these oxidative changes may lead to pathologies up to oncogenic transformation of cells. The authors noted that features of oxidative stress in living cells under RF-EMR exposure had been previously reported, and that mechanisms of such effects are unclear.

Exposure Details

Power Density
0.00025 mW/cm²
Source/Device
900 MHz
Exposure Duration
158-360 h discontinuously

Exposure Context

This study used 0.00025 mW/cm² for radio frequency:

Building Biology guidelines are practitioner-based limits from real-world assessments. BioInitiative Report recommendations are based on peer-reviewed science. Check Your Exposure to compare your own measurements.

Where This Falls on the Concern Scale

Study Exposure Level in ContextStudy Exposure Level in ContextThis study: 0.00025 mW/cm²Extreme Concern - 1,000 µW/m²FCC Limit - 10M µW/m²Effects observed in the Extreme Concern range (Building Biology)FCC limit is 4,000 times higher than this level
A logarithmic frequency spectrum from 10 Hz to 100 GHz showing where this study's 900 MHz exposure sits relative to common EMF sources.Where This Frequency Sits on the EMF SpectrumELFVLFLF / MFHF / VHFUHFSHFmm10 Hz100 GHzThis study: 900 MHzPower lines50/60 Hz5G mm28 GHzLogarithmic scale

Study Details

Long-term exposure of humans to low intensity radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation (RF-EMR) leads to a statistically significant increase in tumor incidence. Mechanisms of such the effects are unclear, but features of oxidative stress in living cells under RF-EMR exposure were previously reported. Our study aims to assess a production of initial free radical species, which lead to oxidative stress in the cell.

Embryos of Japanese quails were exposed in ovo to extremely low intensity RF-EMR of GSM 900 MHz (0.2...

The exposure resulted in a significant persistent overproduction of superoxide and nitrogen oxide in...

Exposure of developing quail embryos to extremely low intensity RF-EMR of GSM 900 MHz during at least one hundred and fifty-eight hours leads to a significant overproduction of free radicals/reactive oxygen species and oxidative damage of DNA in embryo cells. These oxidative changes may lead to pathologies up to oncogenic transformation of cells.

Cite This Study
Burlaka A, Tsybulin O, Sidorik E, Lukin S, Polishuk V, Tsehmistrenko S, Yakymenko I (2013). Overproduction of free radical species in embryonal cells exposed to low intensity radiofrequency radiation Exp Oncol. 35(3):219-225, 2013.
Show BibTeX
@article{a_2013_overproduction_of_free_radical_515,
  author = {Burlaka A and Tsybulin O and Sidorik E and Lukin S and Polishuk V and Tsehmistrenko S and Yakymenko I},
  title = {Overproduction of free radical species in embryonal cells exposed to low intensity radiofrequency radiation},
  year = {2013},
  
  url = {https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24084462/},
}
PubMed: 24084462

Cited By (64 papers)

View all 64 citing papers on Semantic Scholar

Quick Questions About This Study

Japanese quail embryos were exposed in ovo to GSM 900 MHz radiofrequency radiation at an intensity of 0.25 µW/cm2.
There was a significant persistent overproduction of superoxide and nitrogen oxide in embryo cells during all period of analyses.
Significantly decreased levels of superoxide dismutase and catalase activities were found in the exposed embryo cells.
Exposure led to oxidative damage of DNA in embryo cells, indicated by significantly increased levels of 8-oxo-dG.
The researchers suggested these oxidative changes may lead to pathologies up to oncogenic transformation of cells.