6,486 Studies Reviewed. 85.2% of Original Studies Found Biological Effects. The Evidence is Clear.

Note: This study found no significant biological effects under its experimental conditions. We include all studies for scientific completeness.

Magnetoreception in the wood mouse (Apodemus sylvaticus): influence of weak frequency-modulated radio frequency fields.

No Effects Found

Malkemper EP, Eder SH, Begall S, Phillips JB, Winklhofer M, Hart V, Burda H · 2015

View Original Abstract
Share:

Wood mice exposed to a 0.9 to 5 MHz frequency sweep changed their preference from north-south to east-west.

Plain English Summary

Summary written for general audiences

The researchers tested the wood mouse Apodemus sylvaticus for magnetoreception using a simple behavioural assay in which mice were allowed to build nests overnight in a visually symmetrical, circular arena. When plotted with respect to magnetic north, the nests were bimodally clustered in the northern and southern sectors, indicating the animals used magnetic cues. Wood mice exposed to a 0.9 to 5 MHz frequency sweep changed their preference from north-south to east-west. A constant frequency field tuned to the Larmor frequency (1.33 MHz) had no effect on mouse orientation. The study demonstrated magnetoreception in wood mice and provided first evidence for a radical-pair mechanism in a mammal.

Why This Matters

The tests were performed in the ambient magnetic field or in a field rotated by 90°. Additionally, mice were tested in the ambient magnetic field with a superimposed radio frequency magnetic field of the order of 100 nT.

Exposure Details

Magnetic Field
0.0001 mT
Source/Device
0.9 to 5 MHz

Exposure Context

This study used 0.0001 mT for magnetic fields:

Building Biology guidelines are practitioner-based limits from real-world assessments. BioInitiative Report recommendations are based on peer-reviewed science. Check Your Exposure to compare your own measurements.

Where This Falls on the Concern Scale

Study Exposure Level in ContextStudy Exposure Level in ContextThis study: 0.0001 mTExtreme Concern - 5 mGFCC Limit - 2,000 mGEffects observed in the Severe Concern range (Building Biology)FCC limit is 2,000 times higher than this level
A logarithmic frequency spectrum from 10 Hz to 100 GHz showing where this study's 5 MHz exposure sits relative to common EMF sources.Where This Frequency Sits on the EMF SpectrumELFVLFLF / MFHF / VHFUHFSHFmm10 Hz100 GHzThis study: 5 MHzPower lines50/60 HzCell phones~1 GHzWiFi2.4 GHz5G mm28 GHzLogarithmic scale

Study Details

Here, we tested the wood mouse Apodemus sylvaticus for magnetoreception using a simple behavioural assay in which mice are allowed to build nests overnight in a visually symmetrical, circular arena.

The tests were performed in the ambient magnetic field or in a field rotated by 90°. When plotted wi...

Wood mice exposed to a 0.9 to 5 MHz frequency sweep changed their preference from north-south to eas...

In sum, we demonstrated magnetoreception in wood mice and provide first evidence for a radical-pair mechanism in a mammal.

Cite This Study
Malkemper EP, Eder SH, Begall S, Phillips JB, Winklhofer M, Hart V, Burda H (2015). Magnetoreception in the wood mouse (Apodemus sylvaticus): influence of weak frequency-modulated radio frequency fields. Sci Rep. 2015 Apr 29;4:9917. doi: 10.1038/srep09917.
Show BibTeX
@article{ep_2015_magnetoreception_in_the_wood_3221,
  author = {Malkemper EP and Eder SH and Begall S and Phillips JB and Winklhofer M and Hart V and Burda H},
  title = {Magnetoreception in the wood mouse (Apodemus sylvaticus): influence of weak frequency-modulated radio frequency fields.},
  year = {2015},
  
  url = {https://www.nature.com/articles/srep09917},
}

Quick Questions About This Study

They used a simple behavioural assay in which mice were allowed to build nests overnight in a visually symmetrical, circular arena.
When plotted with respect to magnetic north, the nests were bimodally clustered in the northern and southern sectors, indicating the animals used magnetic cues.
A 0.9 to 5 MHz frequency sweep changed the mice's preference from north-south to east-west.
A constant frequency field tuned to the Larmor frequency (1.33 MHz) had no effect on mouse orientation.
Mice were tested in the ambient magnetic field with a superimposed radio frequency magnetic field of the order of 100 nT.