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Erythropoietic changes in rats after 2.45 GJz nonthermal irradiation

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Busljeta I, Trosic I, Milkovic-Kraus S. · 2004

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Rats exposed to RF/MW radiation at a nonthermal level showed increased red blood cell measures and increased micronucleated cells in bone marrow.

Plain English Summary

Summary written for general audiences

The study observed erythropoietic changes in rats subchronically exposed to radiofrequency microwave radiation at a nonthermal level. Adult male Wistar rats were exposed to 2.45 GHz continuous RF/MW fields for 2 hours daily, 7 days a week, at 5 – 10 mW/cm2. In exposed animals, erythrocyte count, haemoglobin and haematocrit were increased in peripheral blood on irradiation days 8 and 15. Anuclear cells and erythropoietic precursor cells were significantly decreased in the bone marrow on day 15, while micronucleated cells' frequency was increased.

Why This Matters

Exposed animals were divided into four subgroups of 10 animals each, irradiated for 2, 8, 15, and 30 days, and sacrificed on the final irradiation day of each subgroup. Unexposed rats served as controls, with six animals included in each control subgroup. Bone marrow smears were examined to determine absolute counts of anuclear cells and erythropoietic precursor cells, and cytogenetic analysis was accomplished by micronucleus tests. The researchers suggested that RF/MW radiation might cause disturbance in red cell maturation and proliferation, and induce micronucleus formation in erythropoietic cells.

Exposure Details

Power Density
5 – 10 mW/cm²
Source/Device
2.45 GHz
Exposure Duration
2 hours daily ,7 days a week

Exposure Context

This study used 5 – 10 mW/cm² for radio frequency:

Building Biology guidelines are practitioner-based limits from real-world assessments. BioInitiative Report recommendations are based on peer-reviewed science. Check Your Exposure to compare your own measurements.

Where This Falls on the Concern Scale

Study Exposure Level in ContextStudy Exposure Level in ContextThis study: 5 – 10 mW/cm²Extreme Concern - 1,000 µW/m²FCC Limit - 10M µW/m²Effects observed in the Extreme Concern range (Building Biology)This level is 5 times the FCC limit
A logarithmic frequency spectrum from 10 Hz to 100 GHz showing where this study's 2.45 GHz exposure sits relative to common EMF sources.Where This Frequency Sits on the EMF SpectrumELFVLFLF / MFHF / VHFUHFSHFmm10 Hz100 GHzThis study: 2.45 GHzPower lines50/60 Hz5G mm28 GHzLogarithmic scale

Study Details

The purpose of this study was to observe the erythropoietic changes in rats subchronically exposed to radiofrequency microwave (RF/MW) irradiation at nonthermal level.

Adult male Wistar rats (N=40) were exposed to 2.45 GHz continuous RF/MW fields for 2 hours daily, 7 ...

In the exposed animals erythrocyte count, haemoglobin and haematocrit were increased in peripheral b...

In the applied experimental condition, RF/MW radiation might cause disturbance in red cell maturation and proliferation, and induce micronucleus formation in erythropoietic cells.

Cite This Study
Busljeta I, Trosic I, Milkovic-Kraus S. (2004). Erythropoietic changes in rats after 2.45 GJz nonthermal irradiation Int J Hyg Environ Health. 207(6):549-554, 2004.
Show BibTeX
@article{i_2004_erythropoietic_changes_in_rats_41,
  author = {Busljeta I and Trosic I and Milkovic-Kraus S.},
  title = {Erythropoietic changes in rats after 2.45 GJz nonthermal irradiation},
  year = {2004},
  
  url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1438463905703205},
}

Quick Questions About This Study

Rats were exposed to 2.45 GHz continuous RF/MW fields at 5 – 10 mW/cm2 for 2 hours daily, 7 days a week.
Erythrocyte count, haemoglobin and haematocrit were increased in peripheral blood on irradiation days 8 and 15.
Anuclear cells and erythropoietic precursor cells were significantly decreased in the bone marrow on day 15, and micronucleated cells' frequency was increased.
Researchers suggested that RF/MW radiation might cause disturbance in red cell maturation and proliferation, and induce micronucleus formation in erythropoietic cells.
Bone marrow smears were examined for absolute counts of anuclear cells and erythropoietic precursor cells, and cytogenetic analysis was accomplished by micronucleus tests.