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Investigation of the genotoxic effect of microwave irradiation in rat bone marrow cells: in vivo exposure.

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Trosic I, Busljeta I, Modlic B. · 2004

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Microwave radiation at WiFi frequencies caused genetic damage in rat bone marrow cells at exposure levels comparable to some wireless devices.

Plain English Summary

Summary written for general audiences

Researchers exposed rats to 2.45 GHz microwave radiation (WiFi frequency) for 2 hours daily and found increased genetic damage in bone marrow cells after 15 days. This suggests chronic exposure to common wireless device frequencies may harm blood-producing cells.

Why This Matters

This study provides important evidence that microwave radiation at 2.45 GHz can cause genetic damage in living mammals, not just in laboratory cell cultures. The exposure levels used (SAR of 1.25 W/kg) are actually within the range of what you might experience from some wireless devices held close to your body, though higher than typical ambient exposures. What makes this research particularly significant is that it demonstrates genetic damage occurring in bone marrow cells, which produce your blood cells throughout your lifetime. The researchers found the most pronounced effects after 15 days of exposure, suggesting that cumulative exposure matters more than single exposures. While the effects appeared transient in this study, the reality is that most of us face continuous, not intermittent, exposure to these frequencies from WiFi, cell phones, and other wireless devices in our daily environment.

Exposure Details

SAR
1.25 ± 0.36 W/kg
Power Density
5 – 10 µW/m²
Source/Device
2.45 GHz RF/MW
Exposure Duration
2 hours daily ,7 days a week

Exposure Context

This study used 5 – 10 µW/m² for radio frequency:

This study used 1.25 ± 0.36 W/kg for SAR (device absorption):

Building Biology guidelines are practitioner-based limits from real-world assessments. BioInitiative Report recommendations are based on peer-reviewed science. Check Your Exposure to compare your own measurements.

Where This Falls on the Concern Scale

Study Exposure Level in ContextA logarithmic scale showing exposure levels relative to Building Biology concern thresholds and regulatory limits.Study Exposure Level in ContextThis study: 5 – 10 µW/m²Extreme Concern1,000 uW/m2FCC Limit10M uW/m2Effects observed in the Slight Concern range (Building Biology)FCC limit is 2,000,000x higher than this exposure level

Study Details

To investigate the genotoxic effect of microwave irradiation in rat bone marrow cells by an in vivo mammalian cytogenetic test.

An in vivo mammalian cytogenetic test (the erythrocyte micronucleus assay) was used to investigate t...

In comparison with the sham-exposed subgroups, the findings of polychromatic erythrocytes (PCE) reve...

Under the applied experimental conditions the findings revealed a transient effect on proliferation and maturation of erythropoietc cells in the rat bone marrow and the sporadic appearance of micronucleated immature bone marrow red cells.

Cite This Study
Trosic I, Busljeta I, Modlic B. (2004). Investigation of the genotoxic effect of microwave irradiation in rat bone marrow cells: in vivo exposure. Mutagenesis. 19(5):361-364, 2004.
Show BibTeX
@article{i_2004_investigation_of_the_genotoxic_42,
  author = {Trosic I and Busljeta I and Modlic B.},
  title = {Investigation of the genotoxic effect of microwave irradiation in rat bone marrow cells: in vivo exposure.},
  year = {2004},
  
  url = {http://mutage.oxfordjournals.org/content/19/5/361.short},
}

Quick Questions About This Study

Researchers exposed rats to 2.45 GHz microwave radiation (WiFi frequency) for 2 hours daily and found increased genetic damage in bone marrow cells after 15 days. This suggests chronic exposure to common wireless device frequencies may harm blood-producing cells.