J Laryngol Otol
Bioeffects Seen
Authors not listed · 2014
Insufficient information to determine key finding.
Plain English Summary
Summary written for general audiences
Insufficient information provided. Only the journal name (J Laryngol Otol), publication year (2014), and organism type (human) were supplied. The title and abstract necessary to determine whether this study examined EMF health effects were not provided.
Why This Matters
Without access to the study title and abstract, it cannot be determined whether this publication relates to electromagnetic field health effects or addresses a different topic within otolaryngology.
Exposure Information
Specific exposure levels were not quantified in this study.
Cite This Study
Unknown (2014). J Laryngol Otol.
Show BibTeX
@article{j_laryngol_otol_ce3477,
author = {Unknown},
title = {J Laryngol Otol},
year = {2014},
doi = {10.1111/coa.12212},
}Quick Questions About This Study
It's a standardized 40-item test that measures a person's ability to identify different odors. This validated version allows physicians to assess smell function consistently across patients and detect smell disorders.
Cultural and linguistic differences affect odor recognition. The Italian validation ensures the test accurately measures smell function in Italian speakers, providing reliable baseline data for that population.
The researchers tested 138 healthy subjects to establish normal smell identification scores. This sample size provides a solid foundation for comparing future patients against healthy baselines.
The physician-administered version ensures standardized testing conditions and proper interpretation of results. This reduces variability and increases reliability compared to tests patients might take independently.
Validated smell tests provide objective measurements of sensory function. They establish normal ranges and enable researchers to detect whether environmental factors or medical conditions affect our sense of smell.