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Radio Frequency

Measurement and analysis of radiofrequency radiations from some mobile phone base stations in Ghana.

Measurement survey

Amoako JK, Fletcher JJ, Darko EO. · 2009

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Radiofrequency levels near cellular phone base stations in Ghana were within international guidelines but were 20 times higher than results generally obtained elsewhere.

Plain English Summary

Summary written for general audiences

Researchers surveyed radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation at public access points near cellular phone base stations operated by the Ghana Telecommunications Company. Measurements were made using a hand-held spectrum analyser to determine electric field levels within the 900 and 1800 MHz frequency bands. Power densities at public access points ranged from 0.01 to 10 microW m(-2) at 900 MHz, and from 0.01 to 100 microW m(-2) at 1800 MHz. The results were within international guidance levels but were 20 times higher than results generally obtained for such a practice elsewhere.

Exposure Details

Power Density
0.000000001 - 0.000001 mW/cm²
Source/Device
900 MHz

Where This Falls on the Concern Scale

Study Exposure Level in ContextStudy Exposure Level in ContextThis study: 0.000000001 - 0.000001 mW/cm²Extreme Concern - 1,000 µW/m²FCC Limit - 10M µW/m²Effects documented below the Building Biology "No Concern" threshold (0.1 µW/m²)
A logarithmic frequency spectrum from 10 Hz to 100 GHz showing where this study's 900 MHz exposure sits relative to common EMF sources.Where This Frequency Sits on the EMF SpectrumELFVLFLF / MFHF / VHFUHFSHFmm10 Hz100 GHzThis study: 900 MHzPower lines50/60 Hz5G mm28 GHzLogarithmic scale

Study Details

A survey of the radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation at public access points in the vicinity of 50 cellular phone base stations has been carried out. The primary objective was to measure and analyse the electromagnetic field strength levels emitted by antennae installed and operated by the Ghana Telecommunications Company.

On all the sites measurements were made using a hand-held spectrum analyser to determine the electri...

The results were found to be in compliant with the International Commission on Non-ionizing Radiolog...

There is therefore a need to re-assess the situation to ensure reduction in the present level as an increase in mobile phone usage is envisaged within the next few years.

Cite This Study
Amoako JK, Fletcher JJ, Darko EO. (2009). Measurement and analysis of radiofrequency radiations from some mobile phone base stations in Ghana. Radiat prot dosimetry. 135(4):256-260, 2009.
Show BibTeX
@article{jk_2009_measurement_and_analysis_of_818,
  author = {Amoako JK and Fletcher JJ and Darko EO.},
  title = {Measurement and analysis of radiofrequency radiations from some mobile phone base stations in Ghana.},
  year = {2009},
  
  url = {https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19584141/},
}
PubMed: 19584141

Cited By (20 papers)

Quick Questions About This Study

The results were found to be in compliance with the International Commission on Non-ionizing Radiological Protection guidance level.
The levels were 20 times higher than results generally obtained for such a practice elsewhere.
At 900 MHz, power densities ranged from 0.01 to 10 microW m(-2), while at 1800 MHz they ranged from 0.01 to 100 microW m(-2).
Measurements were made using a hand-held spectrum analyser to determine the electric field level.
The researchers stated there is a need to re-assess the situation to ensure reduction in the present level, as an increase in mobile phone usage is envisaged within the next few years.