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GSM 900 MHz cellular phone radiation can either stimulate or depress early embryogenesis in Japanese quails depending on the duration of exposure.

Bioeffects Seen

Tsybulin O, Sidorik E, Brieieva O , Buchynska L, Kyrylenko S, Henshel D, IYakymenko I. · 2013

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GSM 900 MHz radiation increased somite count and decreased DNA damage after 38 hours but decreased somite count and increased DNA damage after 158 hours in Japanese quail embryos.

Plain English Summary

Summary written for general audiences

Japanese quail embryos were exposed in ovo to GSM 900 MHz radiation for 38 hours or 158 hours with a 48-second on, 12-second off cycle at an average power density of 0.25 μW/cm(2) and a specific absorption rate of 3 μW/kg. The number of differentiated somites was assessed microscopically and DNA damage was assessed by an alkaline comet assay. After 38 hours the number of differentiated somites increased and DNA strand breaks decreased, while after 158 hours the number of differentiated somites decreased and DNA damage increased.

Why This Matters

The researchers designed the study to evaluate how low-intensity GSM 900 MHz radiation affects early embryogenesis depending on exposure duration. They concluded that the radiation can have either stimulating or deleterious effects on early embryogenesis depending on how long the exposure lasts.

Exposure Details

SAR
0.000003 W/kg
Power Density
0.00025 mW/cm²
Source/Device
900 MHz
Exposure Duration
38-hour

Exposure Context

This study used 0.00025 mW/cm² for radio frequency:

Building Biology guidelines are practitioner-based limits from real-world assessments. BioInitiative Report recommendations are based on peer-reviewed science. Check Your Exposure to compare your own measurements.

Where This Falls on the Concern Scale

Study Exposure Level in ContextStudy Exposure Level in ContextThis study: 0.00025 mW/cm²Extreme Concern - 1,000 µW/m²FCC Limit - 10M µW/m²Effects observed in the Extreme Concern range (Building Biology)FCC limit is 4,000 times higher than this level
A logarithmic frequency spectrum from 10 Hz to 100 GHz showing where this study's 900 MHz exposure sits relative to common EMF sources.Where This Frequency Sits on the EMF SpectrumELFVLFLF / MFHF / VHFUHFSHFmm10 Hz100 GHzThis study: 900 MHzPower lines50/60 Hz5G mm28 GHzLogarithmic scale

Study Details

Our study was designed to assess the effects of low intensity radiation of a GSM (Global System for Mobile communication) 900 MHz cellular phone on early embryogenesis in dependence on the duration of exposure.

Embryos of Japanese Quails were exposed in ovo to GSM 900 MHz cellular phone radiation during initia...

Exposure to radiation from a GSM 900 MHz cellular phone led to a significantly altered number of dif...

Effects of GSM 900 MHz cellular phone radiation on early embryogenesis can be either stimulating or deleterious depending on the duration of exposure.

Cite This Study
Tsybulin O, Sidorik E, Brieieva O , Buchynska L, Kyrylenko S, Henshel D, IYakymenko I. (2013). GSM 900 MHz cellular phone radiation can either stimulate or depress early embryogenesis in Japanese quails depending on the duration of exposure. Int J Rad Biol. Posted online on April 11, 2013.
Show BibTeX
@article{o_2013_gsm_900_mhz_cellular_1386,
  author = {Tsybulin O and Sidorik E and Brieieva O  and Buchynska L and Kyrylenko S and Henshel D and IYakymenko I.},
  title = {GSM 900 MHz cellular phone radiation can either stimulate or depress early embryogenesis in Japanese quails depending on the duration of exposure.},
  year = {2013},
  
  url = {https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23578013/},
}
PubMed: 23578013

Cited By (27 papers)

Quick Questions About This Study

The study used two exposure durations: 38 hours of brooding only, and 158 hours consisting of 120 hours before brooding plus 38 hours of brooding.
The radiation was applied discontinuously with 48 seconds on and 12 seconds off, at an average power density of 0.25 μW/cm(2) and a specific absorption rate of 3 μW/kg.
The 38-hour exposure increased the number of differentiated somites and decreased the level of DNA strand breaks in embryo cells.
The 158-hour exposure decreased the number of differentiated somites and increased DNA damage compared to controls.
The researchers concluded that GSM 900 MHz radiation can either stimulate or be deleterious to early embryogenesis depending on the duration of exposure.