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Oxidative Stress

Microwave radiation (2.45 GHz)-induced oxidative stress: Whole-body exposure effect on histopathology of Wistar rats.

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Chauhan P, Verma HN, Sisodia R, Kesari KK. · 2017

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Wistar rats exposed to 2.45 GHz microwave radiation for 2 hours a day over 35 days showed histopathology and oxidative changes in multiple organs.

Plain English Summary

Summary written for general audiences

Researchers exposed male Wistar rats to 2.45 GHz microwave radiation at a power density of 0.2 mW/cm2 for 2 hours a day for 35 days, then examined brain, liver, kidney, testis, and spleen. Significantly high levels of lipid peroxide were found in the liver (p < 0.001), brain (p < 0.004), and spleen (p < 0.006) of exposed rats. Histological changes were also observed in the brain, liver, testis, kidney, and spleen after whole-body microwave exposure, compared to the control group.

Why This Matters

The study used sixty-day-old male Wistar rats weighing 180 ± 10 g, divided into a sham-exposed control group and a microwave-exposed group. The whole-body specific absorption rate was estimated to be 0.14 W/kg. The study aimed to explore the effect of 2.45 GHz microwave radiation on histology and the level of lipid peroxide in Wistar rats. The researchers noted that these results indicate possible implications of such exposure on human health.

Exposure Details

SAR
0.14 W/kg
Power Density
0.2 mW/cm²
Source/Device
2.45 GHz
Exposure Duration
2 h a day for 35 d

Exposure Context

This study used 0.2 mW/cm² for radio frequency:

Building Biology guidelines are practitioner-based limits from real-world assessments. BioInitiative Report recommendations are based on peer-reviewed science. Check Your Exposure to compare your own measurements.

Where This Falls on the Concern Scale

Study Exposure Level in ContextStudy Exposure Level in ContextThis study: 0.2 mW/cm²Extreme Concern - 1,000 µW/m²FCC Limit - 10M µW/m²Effects observed in the Extreme Concern range (Building Biology)FCC limit is 5 times higher than this level
A logarithmic frequency spectrum from 10 Hz to 100 GHz showing where this study's 2.45 GHz exposure sits relative to common EMF sources.Where This Frequency Sits on the EMF SpectrumELFVLFLF / MFHF / VHFUHFSHFmm10 Hz100 GHzThis study: 2.45 GHzPower lines50/60 Hz5G mm28 GHzLogarithmic scale

Study Details

The aim of this study was to explore the effect of 2.45 GHz microwave radiation on histology and the level of lipid peroxide (LPO) in Wistar rats.

Sixty-day-old male Wistar rats with 180 ± 10 g body weight were used for this study. Animals were di...

Significantly high level of LPO was observed in the liver (p < 0.001), brain (p < 0.004) and spleen ...

we conclude that exposure to microwave radiation 2 h a day for 35 d can potentially cause histopathology and oxidative changes in Wistar rats. These results indicate possible implications of such exposure on human health.

Cite This Study
Chauhan P, Verma HN, Sisodia R, Kesari KK. (2017). Microwave radiation (2.45 GHz)-induced oxidative stress: Whole-body exposure effect on histopathology of Wistar rats. Electromagn Biol Med. 36(1):20-30, 2017.
Show BibTeX
@article{p_2017_microwave_radiation_245_ghzinduced_517,
  author = {Chauhan P and Verma HN and Sisodia R and Kesari KK.},
  title = {Microwave radiation (2.45 GHz)-induced oxidative stress: Whole-body exposure effect on histopathology of Wistar rats.},
  year = {2017},
  doi = {10.3109/15368378.2016.1144063},
  url = {https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.3109/15368378.2016.1144063},
}
DOI: 10.3109/15368378.2016.1144063

Cited By (79 papers)

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Quick Questions About This Study

Rats were exposed to 2.45 GHz microwave radiation at a power density of 0.2 mW/cm2.
Significantly high lipid peroxide levels were observed in the liver (p < 0.001), brain (p < 0.004), and spleen (p < 0.006).
Histological changes were observed in the brain, liver, testis, kidney, and spleen after whole-body microwave exposure.
The researchers concluded that exposure to microwave radiation 2 hours a day for 35 days can potentially cause histopathology and oxidative changes in Wistar rats.
The whole-body specific absorption rate was estimated to be 0.14 W/kg.