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The relationship between colony-forming ability, chromosome aberrations and incidence of micronuclei in V79 Chinese hamster cells exposed to microwave radiation.

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Garaj-Vrhovac V, Horvat D, Koren Z, · 1991

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Microwave radiation at 7.7 GHz caused measurable DNA damage in cells within 15-60 minutes of exposure.

Plain English Summary

Summary written for general audiences

Researchers exposed Chinese hamster cells to microwave radiation at 7.7 GHz (similar to some radar frequencies) for up to one hour and found significant DNA damage. The microwaves caused chromosome breaks and abnormal chromosome formations, with damage increasing based on exposure time. This demonstrates that microwave radiation can directly damage the genetic material inside cells, even at relatively low power levels.

Why This Matters

This 1991 study provides clear evidence that microwave radiation can cause direct DNA damage in living cells. The researchers used 7.7 GHz frequency at 0.5 mW/cm² power density - levels comparable to some occupational radar exposures and certain wireless devices. What makes this research particularly significant is that it measured multiple types of genetic damage: chromosome breaks, abnormal chromosome formations, and micronuclei formation. The dose-dependent relationship (more exposure time equals more damage) strengthens the evidence for a causal link. While this was conducted on hamster cells rather than humans, cellular DNA damage is a fundamental biological process that translates across species. The reality is that our wireless devices operate at similar frequencies, and this study adds to the growing body of evidence showing that radiofrequency radiation can affect our genetic material at the cellular level.

Exposure Details

Power Density
0.5 µW/m²
Source/Device
7.7 GHz
Exposure Duration
15, 30, and 60 min

Exposure Context

This study used 0.5 µW/m² for radio frequency:

Building Biology guidelines are practitioner-based limits from real-world assessments. BioInitiative Report recommendations are based on peer-reviewed science. Check Your Exposure to compare your own measurements.

Where This Falls on the Concern Scale

Study Exposure Level in ContextA logarithmic scale showing exposure levels relative to Building Biology concern thresholds and regulatory limits.Study Exposure Level in ContextThis study: 0.5 µW/m²Extreme Concern1,000 uW/m2FCC Limit10M uW/m2Effects observed in the Slight Concern range (Building Biology)FCC limit is 20,000,000x higher than this exposure level

Study Details

The effect of microwave radiation on cell survival and on the incidence and frequency of micronuclei and structural chromosome aberrations was investigated.

Cultured V79 Chinese hamster fibroblast cells were exposed to continuous radiation, frequency 7.7 GH...

The decrease in the number of irradiated V79 cell colonies was related to the power density applied ...

These results suggest that microwave radiation can induce damage in the structure of chromosomal DNA.

Cite This Study
Garaj-Vrhovac V, Horvat D, Koren Z, (1991). The relationship between colony-forming ability, chromosome aberrations and incidence of micronuclei in V79 Chinese hamster cells exposed to microwave radiation. Mutat Res 263(3):143-149, 1991.
Show BibTeX
@article{v_1991_the_relationship_between_colonyforming_995,
  author = {Garaj-Vrhovac V and Horvat D and Koren Z and},
  title = {The relationship between colony-forming ability, chromosome aberrations and incidence of micronuclei in V79 Chinese hamster cells exposed to microwave radiation.},
  year = {1991},
  
  url = {https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2067554/},
}

Quick Questions About This Study

Researchers exposed Chinese hamster cells to microwave radiation at 7.7 GHz (similar to some radar frequencies) for up to one hour and found significant DNA damage. The microwaves caused chromosome breaks and abnormal chromosome formations, with damage increasing based on exposure time. This demonstrates that microwave radiation can directly damage the genetic material inside cells, even at relatively low power levels.