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One-year, simultaneous combined exposure of CDMA and WCDMA radiofrequency electromagnetic fields to rats.

No Effects Found

Jin YB, Lee HJ, Seon Lee J, Pack JK, Kim N, Lee YS. · 2011

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One year of high-level cell phone radiation exposure caused blood chemistry changes in rats, even at levels deemed 'safe' by researchers.

Plain English Summary

Summary written for general audiences

Researchers exposed rats to cell phone radiation from both CDMA and WCDMA technologies (the frequencies used by older 2G and 3G networks) for 45 minutes daily over one full year. The exposure levels were set at 4 W/kg total, which is four times higher than current safety limits. While most health measures remained normal, the study found some changes in blood chemistry and blood cell counts, though no increase in tumors or overall illness.

Exposure Information

A logarithmic frequency spectrum from 10 Hz to 100 GHz showing where this study's 849 MHz - 1.95 GHz exposure sits relative to common EMF sources.Where This Frequency Sits on the EMF SpectrumELFVLFLF / MFHF / VHFUHFSHFmm10 Hz100 GHzThis study: 849 MHz - 1.95 GHzPower lines50/60 Hz5G mm28 GHzLogarithmic scale

The study examined exposure from: 849 MHz and 1.95 GHz Duration: 45 min/ day 5 days per week for a total of one year.

Study Details

We investigated whether one-year, long-term, simultaneous exposure to code division multiple access (CDMA; 849 MHz) and wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA; 1.95 GHz) radiofrequencies (RF) would induce chronic illness in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats.

Two groups of 40 SD rats (50% males and females in sham and exposed groups) were exposed to CDMA and...

The mortality patterns in male and female rats exposed to RF were compared with those found in gende...

Our results suggest that one-year chronic exposure to CDMA (849 MHz) and WCDMA (1.95 GHz) RF simultaneously at 2.0 W/kg for 45-min RF exposure periods (total, 4 W/kg) did not increase chronic illness in rats, although there were some altered parameters in the complete blood count and serum chemistry.

Cite This Study
Jin YB, Lee HJ, Seon Lee J, Pack JK, Kim N, Lee YS. (2011). One-year, simultaneous combined exposure of CDMA and WCDMA radiofrequency electromagnetic fields to rats. Int J Radiat Biol. 87(4):416-423, 2011.
Show BibTeX
@article{yb_2011_oneyear_simultaneous_combined_exposure_3116,
  author = {Jin YB and Lee HJ and Seon Lee J and Pack JK and Kim N and Lee YS.},
  title = {One-year, simultaneous combined exposure of CDMA and WCDMA radiofrequency electromagnetic fields to rats.},
  year = {2011},
  
  url = {https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21171939/},
}
PubMed: 21171939

Cited By (26 papers)

Quick Questions About This Study

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