3,138 Studies Reviewed. 77.4% Found Biological Effects. The Evidence is Clear.

Effects on protein kinase C and gene expression in a human mast cell line, HMC-1, following microwave exposure.

Bioeffects Seen

Harvey C, French PW. · 2000

View Original Abstract
Share:

Microwave radiation altered gene expression and cellular signaling in human immune cells at non-thermal exposure levels, affecting genes linked to cancer and cell death.

Plain English Summary

Summary written for general audiences

Researchers exposed human immune cells (mast cells) to microwave radiation at 864.3 MHz for 20 minutes daily over a week, using power levels that kept the cells cooler than body temperature. They found that this non-thermal exposure altered the activity of protein kinase C (a key cellular signaling molecule) and changed the expression of three genes, including one linked to cancer development and another associated with cell death.

Why This Matters

This study demonstrates that microwave radiation can trigger biological effects in human cells even when temperatures remain well below what would cause heat damage. The researchers used a SAR of 7 W/kg, which is higher than typical cell phone exposures (around 1-2 W/kg) but within ranges that can occur with some wireless devices held close to the body. What makes this research particularly significant is that it shows EMF exposure can alter fundamental cellular processes like gene expression and protein signaling pathways that control cell growth and death. The fact that a proto-oncogene (c-kit) was among the affected genes raises important questions about long-term cancer risk, while changes to apoptosis-related genes suggest EMF may interfere with the body's natural ability to eliminate damaged cells. This adds to the growing body of evidence that biological effects from wireless radiation extend far beyond simple heating.

Exposure Details

SAR
7 W/kg
Source/Device
864.3 MHz
Exposure Duration
20-min duration daily for 7 days

Exposure Context

This study used 7 W/kg for SAR (device absorption):

Building Biology guidelines are practitioner-based limits from real-world assessments. BioInitiative Report recommendations are based on peer-reviewed science. Check Your Exposure to compare your own measurements.

Where This Falls on the Concern Scale

Study Exposure Level in ContextA logarithmic scale showing exposure levels relative to Building Biology concern thresholds and regulatory limits.Study Exposure Level in ContextThis study: 7 W/kgExtreme Concern0.1 W/kgFCC Limit1.6 W/kgEffects observed in the Extreme Concern range (Building Biology)FCC limit is 0x higher than this exposure level

Study Details

The aim of this study is to investigate Effects on protein kinase C and gene expression in a human mast cell line, HMC-1, following microwave exposure.

We used a resonant cavity which delivered a continuous wave exposure at 864.3 MHz at an average spec...

The temperature of the cell culture medium during the exposure fell to 26.5 degrees C. Effects were ...

We conclude that low-power microwave exposure may act on HMC-1 cells by altering gene expression via a mechanism involving activation of protein kinase C, and at temperatures well below those known to induce a heat shock response.

Cite This Study
Harvey C, French PW. (2000). Effects on protein kinase C and gene expression in a human mast cell line, HMC-1, following microwave exposure. Cell Biol Int. 2000;23(11):739-48. doi: 10.1006/cbir.1999.0436. PMID: 10736198.
Show BibTeX
@article{c_2000_effects_on_protein_kinase_1066,
  author = {Harvey C and French PW.},
  title = {Effects on protein kinase C and gene expression in a human mast cell line, HMC-1, following microwave exposure.},
  year = {2000},
  
  url = {https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10736198/},
}

Quick Questions About This Study

Researchers exposed human immune cells (mast cells) to microwave radiation at 864.3 MHz for 20 minutes daily over a week, using power levels that kept the cells cooler than body temperature. They found that this non-thermal exposure altered the activity of protein kinase C (a key cellular signaling molecule) and changed the expression of three genes, including one linked to cancer development and another associated with cell death.