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Effects of acute and chronic exposure to both 900 MHz and 2100 MHz electromagnetic radiation on glutamate receptor signaling pathway.

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Gökçek-Saraç Ç, Er H, Kencebay Manas C, Kantar Gok D, Özen Ş, Derin N · 2017

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Higher cell phone frequencies disrupt brain chemistry more than lower frequencies, with effects worsening over time.

Plain English Summary

Summary written for general audiences

Turkish researchers exposed rats to cell phone frequencies (900 MHz and 2100 MHz) for either one week or ten weeks and measured changes in brain enzymes involved in memory and learning. They found that longer exposure caused greater disruption to these critical brain pathways, and that the higher frequency (2100 MHz, used in 3G networks) caused more damage than the lower frequency (900 MHz, used in 2G networks).

Why This Matters

This study adds important evidence to our understanding of how wireless radiation affects brain function at the molecular level. The researchers examined enzymes in the hippocampus, the brain region critical for memory formation, and found that both exposure duration and frequency matter. What makes this particularly relevant is that 2100 MHz is commonly used in 3G networks, while 900 MHz represents older 2G technology. The finding that higher frequencies cause greater disruption aligns with concerns about 5G and newer wireless technologies operating at even higher frequencies. The reality is that we're conducting a massive experiment with our brains every time we use wireless devices, and studies like this demonstrate measurable biological changes are occurring. While the researchers didn't specify exact exposure levels, the consistent pattern of frequency-dependent and time-dependent effects suggests our daily wireless exposure deserves serious consideration.

Exposure Information

A logarithmic frequency spectrum from 10 Hz to 100 GHz showing where this study's 2.10 GHz exposure sits relative to common EMF sources.Where This Frequency Sits on the EMF SpectrumELFVLFLF / MFHF / VHFUHFSHFmm10 Hz100 GHzThis study: 2.10 GHzPower lines50/60 Hz5G mm28 GHzLogarithmic scale

Specific exposure levels were not quantified in this study. The study examined exposure from: 900 and 2100 MHz RF-EMR Duration: 2 h/day for acute (1 week)(900MHz) or chronic (10 weeks) (2100 MHz)

Study Details

To demonstrate the molecular effects of acute and chronic exposure to both 900 and 2100 MHz radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation (RF-EMR) on the hippocampal level/activity of some of the enzymes – including PKA, CaMKIIα, CREB, and p44/42 MAPK – from N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR)-related signaling pathways.

Rats were divided into the following groups: sham rats, and rats exposed to 900 and 2100 MHz RF-EMR ...

The obtained results revealed that the hippocampal level/activity of selected enzymes was significan...

The present study provides experimental evidence that both exposure duration (1 week versus 10 weeks) and different carrier frequencies (900 vs. 2100 MHz) had different effects on the protein expression of hippocampus in Wistar rats, which might encourage further research on protection against RF-EMR exposure.

Cite This Study
Gökçek-Saraç Ç, Er H, Kencebay Manas C, Kantar Gok D, Özen Ş, Derin N (2017). Effects of acute and chronic exposure to both 900 MHz and 2100 MHz electromagnetic radiation on glutamate receptor signaling pathway. Int J Radiat Biol. 93(9):980-989, 2017.
Show BibTeX
@article{c_2017_effects_of_acute_and_1494,
  author = {Gökçek-Saraç Ç and Er H and Kencebay Manas C and Kantar Gok D and Özen Ş and Derin N},
  title = {Effects of acute and chronic exposure to both 900 MHz and 2100 MHz electromagnetic radiation on glutamate receptor signaling pathway.},
  year = {2017},
  doi = {10.1080/09553002.2017.1337279},
  url = {https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/09553002.2017.1337279?scroll=top&needAccess=true},
}
DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2017.1337279

Cited By (14 papers)

Quick Questions About This Study

Yes, Turkish researchers found that 2100 MHz radiation (used in 3G networks) caused significantly more disruption to brain enzymes involved in memory and learning compared to 900 MHz radiation (2G networks) in both short-term and long-term exposure studies.
A 2017 study found that both one week and ten weeks of exposure to cell phone frequencies affected hippocampal enzymes, but chronic 10-week exposure caused significantly greater disruption to brain pathways than acute one-week exposure.
Research demonstrates that both 900 MHz and 2100 MHz cell phone radiation significantly disrupts glutamate receptor signaling pathways in the hippocampus, with higher frequencies and longer exposure durations causing more severe enzyme alterations in brain tissue.
Studies show 2100 MHz radiation causes more damage to hippocampal memory regions than 900 MHz. The higher frequency used in 3G networks produced significantly greater disruption to brain enzymes critical for learning and memory formation.
Yes, chronic 10-week exposure to cell phone radiation caused significantly higher disruption of hippocampal enzyme levels compared to acute one-week exposure, indicating that duration of exposure matters for brain effects from both frequencies tested.