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Modulation of MCP-1 and iNOS by 50-Hz sinusoidal electromagnetic field

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Reale M, De Lutiis MA, Patruno A, Speranza L, Felaco M, Grilli A, Macrì MA, Comani S, Conti P, Di Luzio S · 2006

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Overnight exposure to a 50-Hz electromagnetic field down-regulated iNOS and up-regulated MCP-1 in cultured human monocytes.

Plain English Summary

Summary written for general audiences

Researchers investigated whether overnight exposure to a 1 mT, 50-Hz sinusoidal electromagnetic field affects the expression of iNOS and MCP-1 in human monocytes. EMF exposure affected iNOS and MCP-1 expression in cultured human mononuclear cells at both the mRNA level and the protein level. iNOS was down-regulated while MCP-1 was up-regulated.

Why This Matters

The researchers used RT-PCR and Western blot analysis to measure changes at both the mRNA and protein levels. The effects on iNOS and MCP-1 went in opposite directions, with one being suppressed and the other increased. The researchers suggested these results provide information about EMF-mediated modulation of the inflammatory response, but noted that additional studies are necessary.

Exposure Details

Magnetic Field
1 mT
Source/Device
50 Hz

Exposure Context

This study used 1 mT for magnetic fields:

Building Biology guidelines are practitioner-based limits from real-world assessments. BioInitiative Report recommendations are based on peer-reviewed science. Check Your Exposure to compare your own measurements.

Where This Falls on the Concern Scale

Study Exposure Level in ContextStudy Exposure Level in ContextThis study: 1 mTExtreme Concern - 5 mGFCC Limit - 2,000 mGEffects observed in the Extreme Concern range (Building Biology)This level is 5 times the FCC limit
A logarithmic frequency spectrum from 10 Hz to 100 GHz showing where this study's 50 Hz exposure sits relative to common EMF sources.Where This Frequency Sits on the EMF SpectrumELFVLFLF / MFHF / VHFUHFSHFmm10 Hz100 GHzThis study: 50 HzCell phones~1 GHzWiFi2.4 GHz5G mm28 GHzLogarithmic scale

Study Details

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether overnight exposure to 1 mT–50 Hz extremely low-frequency sinusoidal electromagnetic field (EMF) affects the expression and production of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) in human monocytes.

RT-PCR and Western blot analysis demonstrate that EMF exposure affects the expression of iNOS and M...

These results provide helpful information regarding the EMF-mediated modulation of the inflammatory response in vivo. However, additional studies are necessary to demonstrate that EMF acts as a nonpharmacological inhibitor of NO and inducer of MCP-1 in some diseases where the balance of MCP-1 and NO may be important.

Cite This Study
Reale M, De Lutiis MA, Patruno A, Speranza L, Felaco M, Grilli A, Macrì MA, Comani S, Conti P, Di Luzio S (2006). Modulation of MCP-1 and iNOS by 50-Hz sinusoidal electromagnetic field Nitric Oxide. 15(1):50-57, 2006.
Show BibTeX
@article{m_2006_modulation_of_mcp1_and_450,
  author = {Reale M and De Lutiis MA and Patruno A and Speranza L and Felaco M and Grilli A and Macrì MA and Comani S and Conti P and Di Luzio S},
  title = {Modulation of MCP-1 and iNOS by 50-Hz sinusoidal electromagnetic field},
  year = {2006},
  
  url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1089860305001783},
}

Quick Questions About This Study

The study used cultured human mononuclear cells, specifically human monocytes.
Cells were exposed overnight to a 1 mT, 50-Hz sinusoidal electromagnetic field.
iNOS was down-regulated both at the mRNA level and at the protein level.
MCP-1 was up-regulated following EMF exposure.
The researchers stated that additional studies are necessary to demonstrate that EMF acts as a nonpharmacological inhibitor of NO and inducer of MCP-1 in some diseases where the balance of MCP-1 and NO may be important.