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900 MHz Radiofrequency Field Induces Mitochondrial Unfolded Protein Response in Mouse Bone Marrow Stem Cells

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Wen X, Rui X, Caiyun F, Chunyu Y, Haiyan C, Yi C. 900 MHz Radiofrequency Field Induces Mitochondrial Unfolded Protein Response in Mouse Bone Marrow Stem Cells · 2021

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Exposure of mouse bone marrow stromal cells to 900 MHz RF at 120 μW/cm2 could increase ROS and transiently activate mitochondrial unfolded protein response.

Plain English Summary

Summary written for general audiences

Researchers exposed mouse bone marrow stromal cells to continuous wave 900 MHz radiofrequency fields at 120 μW/cm2 for 4 hours per day over 5 consecutive days. ROS levels increased significantly at 30 minutes and 4 hours after exposure but returned to baseline by 24 hours. Expression of HSP10, HSP60, and ClpP proteins increased significantly at 30 minutes and 4 hours but reversed by 24 hours. When JNK2 was inhibited with siRNA, the RF exposure no longer increased these protein levels.

Why This Matters

The study included a sham control group that was handled identically but without RF radiation, and a positive control group exposed to 6 Gy X-rays. To test the role of JNK2, some cells were pretreated with 100 nM siRNA-JNK2 for 48 hours before exposure. ROS and UPRmt-related proteins were measured at 30 minutes, 4 hours, and 24 hours after exposure using flow cytometry and western blot. The researchers concluded that mitochondrial protein-folding homeostasis was restored by 24 hours and that the exposure did not cause permanent mitochondrial dysfunction, though the underlying mechanism requires further study.

Exposure Information

A logarithmic frequency spectrum from 10 Hz to 100 GHz showing where this study's 900 MHz exposure sits relative to common EMF sources.Where This Frequency Sits on the EMF SpectrumELFVLFLF / MFHF / VHFUHFSHFmm10 Hz100 GHzThis study: 900 MHzPower lines50/60 Hz5G mm28 GHzLogarithmic scale

Specific exposure levels were not quantified in this study.

Cite This Study
Wen X, Rui X, Caiyun F, Chunyu Y, Haiyan C, Yi C. 900 MHz Radiofrequency Field Induces Mitochondrial Unfolded Protein Response in Mouse Bone Marrow Stem Cells (2021). 900 MHz Radiofrequency Field Induces Mitochondrial Unfolded Protein Response in Mouse Bone Marrow Stem Cells.
Show BibTeX
@article{wen_x_rui_x_caiyun_f_chunyu_y_haiyan_c_yi_c_900_mhz_radiofrequency_field_induces_mitochondrial_unfolded_protein_response_in_mouse_bone_marrow_stem_cells_ce2641,
  author = {Wen X and Rui X and Caiyun F and Chunyu Y and Haiyan C and Yi C. 900 MHz Radiofrequency Field Induces Mitochondrial Unfolded Protein Response in Mouse Bone Marrow Stem Cells},
  title = {900 MHz Radiofrequency Field Induces Mitochondrial Unfolded Protein Response in Mouse Bone Marrow Stem Cells},
  year = {2021},
  doi = {10.3389/fpubh.2021.724239},
  
}
DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.724239PubMed: 34513791

Quick Questions About This Study

Mouse bone marrow stromal cells were exposed to continuous wave 900 MHz RF at 120 μW/cm2 for 4 hours per day over 5 consecutive days.
ROS levels increased significantly at 30 minutes and 4 hours after exposure but returned to baseline by 24 hours.
HSP10, HSP60, and ClpP protein levels increased significantly at 30 minutes and 4 hours but reversed by 24 hours.
When JNK2 was inhibited with siRNA, the RF exposure no longer increased HSP10, HSP60, and ClpP protein levels.
They concluded that mitochondrial protein-folding homeostasis was restored by 24 hours and that the exposure did not cause permanent mitochondrial dysfunction, though the mechanism needs further study.