School EMF Research

Effects of Head-Only Exposure to 900 MHz GSM Electromagnetic Fields in Rats: Changes in Neuronal Activity as Revealed by c-Fos Imaging without Concomitant Cognitive Impairments

Unknown authors · 2024

Exposure to Radiofrequency Induces Synaptic Dysfunction in Cortical Neurons Causing Learning and Memory Alteration in Early Postnatal Mice

Unknown authors · 2024

Researchers exposed young mice to cell phone radiation (1850 MHz) for 4 weeks and found significant brain damage including reduced connections between neurons and impaired learning and memory. The study used radiation levels of 4.0 W/kg, which is within current safety limits but still caused measurable harm to developing brain tissue.

The impact of radiofrequency exposure on Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) development

Unknown authors · 2024

Researchers exposed 30 Aedes aegypti eggs to radiofrequency radiation at baseline, 900 MHz, and 18 GHz, with each frequency tested in triplicate. They assessed hatching responses, development times, larval numbers, and pupation periods until adult emergence. The 900 MHz group showed the highest hatching rate at 79 ± 10.54% and the lowest adult emergence rate at 33 ± 2.77%, with a significant difference between groups (p = 0.03).

Expression levels of tam receptors and ligands in the testes of rats exposed to short and middle-term 2100 MHz radiofrequency radiation

Unknown authors · 2024

Pulsating Extremely Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Fields Influence Differentiation of Mouse Neural Stem Cells towards Astrocyte-like Phenotypes: In Vitro Pilot Study

Unknown authors · 2024

Researchers isolated neural stem cells from the telencephalic wall of B6(Cg)-Tyrc-2J/J mouse embryos and divided them into three experimental groups and three controls. Each experimental group was exposed to 50Hz ELF-EMFs of varied strengths for 1 h. High-strength ELF-EMF significantly increased GFAP expression while low-strength ELF-EMF decreased it. High-strength ELF-EMF significantly increased β-3 tubulin immunoreactivity, while medium- and low-strength ELF-EMF decreased it. Medium-strength ELF-EMF significantly upregulated NES expression.

Exposure to a 0.9- GHz electromagnetic field on postnatal days 21-45 may trigger the renin-angiotensin system in male rat: a histological and biochemical study

Unknown authors · 2024

Twelve male rats aged 21 days were randomly assigned to control and EMF groups, with the EMF group exposed to 0.9 GHz EMF for one hour a day over 25 days. Exposure increased kidney tissue volume and weight, total body weight, and levels of lipid peroxidation, glutathione, catalase, and superoxide dismutase in kidney tissue. Histopathological evaluation revealed cortical and medullary bleeding, widespread fibrosis, tubular dilatation and degeneration, glomerular damage, and degeneration of Bowman's membrane, podocytes, and mesangial cells.

The effect of exposure to radiofrequency LTE signal and coexposure to mitomycin-C in Chinese hamster lung fibroblast V79 cells

Unknown authors · 2024

Researchers exposed Chinese hamster lung fibroblast V79 cells to a 1950 MHz LTE signal at SAR values of 0.3 and 1.25 W/kg. Exposure to the LTE signal alone did not cause any measurable chromosomal damage, oxidative stress, or changes in cell cycle progression. A 20-hour pre-exposure at 1.25 W/kg before mitomycin-C treatment significantly reduced micronuclei, and ROS formation was significantly decreased at both SAR levels. Shorter pre-exposures, lower SAR, or continuous wave exposure did not alter mitomycin-C-induced micronuclei.

A study on effects of cell phone tower- emitted non-ionizing radiations in an Allium cepa test system

Unknown authors · 2024

Researchers evaluated effects of non-ionizing radiation from three cell phone towers on Allium cepa at five sites with different power densities and a zero-exposure control. Mean power densities at the five sites were 1.05, 1.18, 1.6, 2.73, and 12.9 μW/cm². A significant change in morphology, root length, fresh weight, and dry weight in Allium cepa was observed under the exposure at different sites. Protein content of roots showed significant difference for samples at all sites while bulbs at sites S4 and S5 when compared to control. The samples under exposure to radiation with maximum power density have shown maximum induction of oxidative stress and genotoxicity.

A study on effects of cell phone tower- emitted non-ionizing radiations in an Allium cepa test system

Unknown authors · 2024

Researchers exposed onion plants to radiation from actual cell phone towers at different distances, measuring power densities from 1.05 to 12.9 μW/cm². The study found significant cellular damage, oxidative stress, and genetic abnormalities in plants, with effects increasing as radiation exposure levels rose.

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 31(54):63225-63238, 2024b

Unknown authors · 2024

Researchers exposed onion plants to cell phone and WiFi radiation at 1800 MHz and 2400 MHz for varying durations up to 8 hours daily over 7 days. They found that longer exposures reduced plant growth, altered protein production, triggered stress responses in cellular enzymes, and caused chromosomal damage in root cells. This demonstrates that even non-ionizing radiation at everyday wireless frequencies can produce biological effects including genetic damage.

Autonomous nervous system responses to environmental- level exposure to 5G’s first deployed band (3.5 GHz ) in healthy human volunteers

Jamal et al. · 2024

Researchers conducted a randomized, triple-blind, crossover study with 44 healthy young volunteers exposed to 3.5 GHz signals at 1 to 2 V/m. Each session included baseline, exposure, and postexposure phases with seven runs of electrodermal activity recordings stimulated by beeps and skin temperature measurements at the hand, head, and neck. The study suggests a slight increase in head and neck temperature and minimal modulation of electrodermal metrics after exposure, though results remain within normal physiological range and could reflect an uncontrolled variable.

Effect of microwave radiation on adult neurogenesis and behavior of prenatally exposed rats

Popovičová A et al. · 2024

Female rats were exposed to MWR at a frequency of 2.45 GHz for 2 hours daily throughout pregnancy. The study examined the rostral migratory stream and the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus for cell proliferation and death, and also assessed nitrergic neuron differentiation in the RMS. Prenatal MWR exposure caused significant changes in the numbers of proliferating and dying cells that varied by offspring age and brain region. MWR attenuated the maturation of nitrergic neurons in the RMS in both juvenile and adult rats. Morphological alterations in neurogenesis were accompanied by changes in animal behavior.

Effect of microwave radiation on adult neurogenesis and behavior of prenatally exposed rats

Popovičová A et al. · 2024

Slovak researchers exposed pregnant rats to 2.45 GHz microwave radiation (WiFi frequency) for 2 hours daily throughout pregnancy. Their offspring showed significant disruptions in brain cell growth and development in key regions responsible for learning and memory, along with behavioral changes that persisted into adulthood.

Frequency-Dependent Antioxidant Responses in HT-1080 Human Fibrosarcoma Cells Exposed to Weak Radio Frequency Fields

Gurhan, H., Barnes, F. · 2024

Radio frequency electromagnetic radiations interfere with the Leydig cell functions in-vitro

Unknown authors · 2024

Effects of non-ionizing radio frequency electromagnetic radiation on the development and behavior of early embryos of Danio rerio

Unknown authors · 2024

Researchers exposed zebrafish embryos to mobile phone radiation at 1800 MHz and 1.13 W/kg for 1 hour daily over 5 days, starting at 1, 6, or 24 hours post-fertilization. No significant changes were observed in survival rate, morphology, oxidative stress, or cortisol levels across any exposure group. However, embryos exposed from 1 hour post-fertilization showed statistically significant reductions in distance travelled and increased yolk sac area compared to controls.

Investigating the effect of radiofrequency electromagnetic field exposure on molecular pathways related to insulin resistance and adipogenesis in zebrafish embryos - A pilot study without quantitative exposure metrics

Unknown authors · 2024

Assessing the biochemical and genotoxic effects of low intensity 2.45GHz microwave exposure on Arabidopsis thaliana plants

Senavirathna MDHJ, Maimaiti Z · 2024

The study assessed the short-term impact of low-intensity 2.45 GHz exposure on young Arabidopsis thaliana plants. Plants were exposed to continuous wave 2.45 GHz microwaves at 1.0 ± 0.1 W m−2 for 48 hours in anechoic chambers. Exposure increased photosynthetic pigments, oxidative stress, guaiacol peroxidase activity, and ascorbic peroxidase activity, while catalase activity decreased. Photosystem efficiency remained unchanged, non-photochemical quenching increased, leaf morphology showed no significant changes, and genomic template stability was unaffected.

Investigating the effect of radiofrequency electromagnetic field exposure on molecular pathways related to insulin resistance and adipogenesis in zebrafish embryos - A pilot study without quantitative exposure metrics

Unknown authors · 2024

Researchers exposed zebrafish embryos to 900 MHz radiofrequency radiation (similar to cell phone frequencies) for 30 or 60 minutes daily during development. They found disrupted genes controlling fat formation and insulin function, along with increased cellular stress markers. The study suggests early-life EMF exposure may contribute to metabolic problems later in life.

Study of genotoxic and cytotoxic effects induced in human fibroblasts by exposure to pulsed and continuous 1.6 GHz radiofrequency

Unknown authors · 2024

Researchers exposed human dermal fibroblasts to continuous and pulsed 1.6 GHz radiofrequency at 0.4 W/kg for 2 hours. Exposure altered heat-shock protein expression, cytoskeletal organization, and increased lysosomes, with autophagosomes only after pulsed exposure. Mitotic spindle anomalies occurred but no significant effects were seen on cell cycle, chromosome segregation, micronuclei, or DNA damage foci.

Comparison of pulsed and continuous electromagnetic field generated by WPT system on human dermal and neural cells

Unknown authors · 2024

Radio-Frequency-Electromagnetic Field Effects on the Human Sleep Electroencephalogram: A Randomized Controlled Study in CACNA1C Genotyped Healthy Volunteers

Sousouria G et al. · 2024

Effects of 4.9 GHz Radiofrequency Field Exposure on Brain Metabolomic and Proteomic gap junction communication

Wang et al. · 2024

Radio frequency electromagnetic radiations interfere with the Leydig cell functions in-vitro

Unknown authors · 2024

Researchers exposed mouse testosterone-producing cells (Leydig cells) to radiation from 4G phones and specific frequencies of 1800 MHz and 2450 MHz. After 2 hours of exposure, testosterone production dropped significantly and harmful free radicals increased, while cell survival wasn't affected. This suggests cell phone radiation could contribute to male fertility problems.

Effects of non-ionizing radio frequency electromagnetic radiation on the development and behavior of early embryos of Danio rerio

Unknown authors · 2024

Researchers exposed zebrafish embryos to mobile phone radiation (1800 MHz) for one hour daily over five days, starting at different developmental stages. Embryos exposed from the earliest stage (1 hour after fertilization) showed reduced swimming activity and anxiety-like behavior, while later exposures had no effect. The study suggests developing organisms are most vulnerable to RF radiation during their earliest life stages.