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Non-thermal effects of continuous 2.45 GHz microwaves on Fas-induced apoptosis in human Jurkat T-cell line.

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Peinnequin A, Piriou A, Mathieu J, Dabouis V, Sebbah C, Malabiau R, Debouzy JC · 2000

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Microwave radiation at WiFi frequencies disrupted immune cell death pathways without heating, challenging safety standards based only on thermal effects.

Plain English Summary

Summary written for general audiences

French researchers exposed human immune cells (T-cells) to 2.45 GHz microwave radiation for 48 hours at power levels well below heating thresholds. They found that this non-thermal microwave exposure interfered with a specific cellular death pathway called Fas-induced apoptosis, suggesting the radiation disrupted normal immune cell function at the molecular level.

Why This Matters

This study provides important evidence that microwave radiation can disrupt immune cell function even when exposure levels are too low to cause heating. The researchers used 2.45 GHz frequency, the same used by WiFi routers and microwave ovens, at 5 mW/cm2 - a power density you might encounter near wireless devices in daily use. What makes this research particularly significant is that it demonstrates non-thermal biological effects on immune system cells, challenging the longstanding regulatory assumption that only heating effects matter. The disruption of apoptosis (programmed cell death) is concerning because this process is crucial for maintaining healthy immune function and preventing cancer. When cells can't properly regulate their own death, it can lead to immune dysfunction and potentially contribute to disease development.

Exposure Details

Power Density
5 µW/m²
Source/Device
2.45 GHz
Exposure Duration
48 h

Exposure Context

This study used 5 µW/m² for radio frequency:

Building Biology guidelines are practitioner-based limits from real-world assessments. BioInitiative Report recommendations are based on peer-reviewed science. Check Your Exposure to compare your own measurements.

Where This Falls on the Concern Scale

Study Exposure Level in ContextA logarithmic scale showing exposure levels relative to Building Biology concern thresholds and regulatory limits.Study Exposure Level in ContextThis study: 5 µW/m²Extreme Concern1,000 uW/m2FCC Limit10M uW/m2Effects observed in the Slight Concern range (Building Biology)FCC limit is 2,000,000x higher than this exposure level

Study Details

Non-thermal effects of microwaves (MWs) are one of the main issues studied for revising standards. The effects of MW exposure on apoptosis at non-thermal level (48 h, 2.45 GHz, 5 mW/cm2) have been studied.

Results obtained assess non-thermal MW effects on Fas, but neither on butyrate- nor on ceramide-indu...

Cite This Study
Peinnequin A, Piriou A, Mathieu J, Dabouis V, Sebbah C, Malabiau R, Debouzy JC (2000). Non-thermal effects of continuous 2.45 GHz microwaves on Fas-induced apoptosis in human Jurkat T-cell line. Bioelectrochemistry 51(2):157-161, 2000.
Show BibTeX
@article{a_2000_nonthermal_effects_of_continuous_1264,
  author = {Peinnequin A and Piriou A and Mathieu J and Dabouis V and Sebbah C and Malabiau R and Debouzy JC },
  title = {Non-thermal effects of continuous 2.45 GHz microwaves on Fas-induced apoptosis in human Jurkat T-cell line.},
  year = {2000},
  
  url = {https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10910164/},
}

Quick Questions About This Study

French researchers exposed human immune cells (T-cells) to 2.45 GHz microwave radiation for 48 hours at power levels well below heating thresholds. They found that this non-thermal microwave exposure interfered with a specific cellular death pathway called Fas-induced apoptosis, suggesting the radiation disrupted normal immune cell function at the molecular level.