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Effects of transcranial magnetic stimulation on oxidative stress in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.

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Medina-Fernandez FJ, Escribano BM, Agüera E, Aguilar-Luque M, Feijoo M, Luque E, Garcia-Maceira FI, Pascual-Leone A, Drucker-Colin R, Tunez I · 2017

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In rats with an experimental form of multiple sclerosis, transcranial magnetic stimulation at 60 Hz and 0.7 mT reduced oxidative stress, cell death, and motor symptoms.

Plain English Summary

Summary written for general audiences

Researchers injected rats with a single dose of 150 μg of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG, fragment 35–55) to produce experimental multiple sclerosis. The MOG injection caused motor symptoms such as tail paralysis and limb paresis/paralysis, along with oxidative stress and cell death similar to MS. Rats were then treated with extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields applied as transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) at 60 Hz and 0.7 mT for 2 hours a day, once a day, 5 days a week, for 3 weeks. The researchers found that TMS attenuated motor symptoms and oxidative and cell damage, and also increased the antioxidant system.

Why This Matters

The study used a rat model of MS in which disease was triggered by a MOG injection, allowing researchers to test TMS under controlled experimental conditions. TMS was applied to the head of the rats as a paradigm of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field exposure. The outcome measures included motor symptoms, oxidative damage, and cell death, covering both functional and biological markers of the disease. The researchers suggested that TMS decreases oxidative stress and cell death induced by MOG in this experimental model.

Exposure Details

Magnetic Field
0.7 mT
Source/Device
60 Hz
Exposure Duration
2 h in the morning, once a day, 5 days a week, during 3 weeks

Exposure Context

This study used 0.7 mT for magnetic fields:

Building Biology guidelines are practitioner-based limits from real-world assessments. BioInitiative Report recommendations are based on peer-reviewed science. Check Your Exposure to compare your own measurements.

Where This Falls on the Concern Scale

Study Exposure Level in ContextStudy Exposure Level in ContextThis study: 0.7 mTExtreme Concern - 5 mGFCC Limit - 2,000 mGEffects observed in the Extreme Concern range (Building Biology)This level is 4 times the FCC limit
A logarithmic frequency spectrum from 10 Hz to 100 GHz showing where this study's 60 Hz exposure sits relative to common EMF sources.Where This Frequency Sits on the EMF SpectrumELFVLFLF / MFHF / VHFUHFSHFmm10 Hz100 GHzThis study: 60 HzCell phones~1 GHzWiFi2.4 GHz5G mm28 GHzLogarithmic scale

Study Details

The main objective was to evaluate the effect of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (EL-EMF) application, like a paradigm of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in the development of EAE.

Rats were injected with a single dose of 150 μg of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG, fragmen...

The data showed that MOG induced motor symptoms as tail paralysis and limb paresis/paralysis, oxidat...

Our findings suggest that: (i) MOG reproduces an experimental model of MS characterised by oxidative and cell damage; and (ii) TMS application decreases oxidative stress and cell death induced by MOG.

Cite This Study
Medina-Fernandez FJ, Escribano BM, Agüera E, Aguilar-Luque M, Feijoo M, Luque E, Garcia-Maceira FI, Pascual-Leone A, Drucker-Colin R, Tunez I (2017). Effects of transcranial magnetic stimulation on oxidative stress in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Free Radic Res. 51(5):460-469, 2017.
Show BibTeX
@article{fj_2017_effects_of_transcranial_magnetic_425,
  author = {Medina-Fernandez FJ and Escribano BM and Agüera E and  Aguilar-Luque M and Feijoo M and Luque E and Garcia-Maceira FI and Pascual-Leone A and Drucker-Colin R and Tunez I},
  title = {Effects of transcranial magnetic stimulation on oxidative stress in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.},
  year = {2017},
  doi = {10.1080/10715762.2017.1324955},
  url = {https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10715762.2017.1324955},
}
DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2017.1324955

Cited By (27 papers)

Quick Questions About This Study

The study evaluated extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields applied as transcranial magnetic stimulation at 60 Hz and 0.7 mT.
Rats were injected with a single dose of 150 μg of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG, fragment 35–55) to produce experimental MS.
MOG induced motor symptoms including tail paralysis and limb paresis/paralysis, as well as oxidative stress and cell death similar to MS.
TMS application attenuated oxidative and cell damage and increased the antioxidant system.
TMS was applied for 2 hours in the morning, once a day, 5 days a week, during 3 weeks.