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Evidence of Oxidative Stress in American Kestrels Exposed to Electromagnetic Fields

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Fernie KJ, Bird DM. · 2001

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Power line-level EMF exposure triggered immune stress and cellular damage in birds, suggesting wildlife face real biological impacts from electromagnetic pollution.

Plain English Summary

Summary written for general audiences

Researchers exposed American kestrels (small falcons) to electromagnetic fields similar to those from power lines for nearly 24 hours daily over 91 days. The EMF-exposed birds showed signs of immune system stress and oxidative damage, including reduced blood proteins, lower red blood cell counts, and decreased protective antioxidants. This suggests that even relatively low-level EMF exposure can trigger biological stress responses in wildlife.

Why This Matters

This study provides compelling evidence that EMF exposure at levels commonly found near power lines can trigger measurable biological stress in wildlife. The magnetic field strength (0.03 microtesla) was actually lower than what you might experience in many homes near electrical wiring, yet it still produced clear immune system disruption and oxidative stress markers in these birds. What makes this research particularly significant is that it examined effects over an extended period during a critical life stage - breeding season - when animals are already under natural physiological stress. The fact that short-term exposure produced more dramatic effects than long-term exposure suggests the body may develop some adaptation mechanisms, but at what cost? This research adds to the growing body of evidence that EMF exposure can disrupt normal biological processes, even at exposure levels regulatory agencies consider safe.

Exposure Details

Magnetic Field
0.03 mG
Electric Field
10000 V/m
Source/Device
60 Hz
Exposure Duration
23.5 h/day for 91 days

Exposure Context

This study used 10000 V/m for electric fields:

This study used 0.03 mG for magnetic fields:

Building Biology guidelines are practitioner-based limits from real-world assessments. BioInitiative Report recommendations are based on peer-reviewed science. Check Your Exposure to compare your own measurements.

Where This Falls on the Concern Scale

Study Exposure Level in ContextA logarithmic scale showing exposure levels relative to Building Biology concern thresholds and regulatory limits.Study Exposure Level in ContextThis study: 0.03 mGExtreme Concern5 mGFCC Limit2,000 mGEffects observed in the No Concern range (Building Biology)FCC limit is 66,667x higher than this exposure level

Study Details

To investigate whether exposure to magnetic fields and electric fields similar to those from power lines induces an immune response and alters oxidative stress levels in American kestrels.

We tested whether EMF exposure elicits an avian immune response and alters oxidative stress levels. ...

Results indicate that only short-term EMF birds experience an immune response, particularly during t...

Cite This Study
Fernie KJ, Bird DM. (2001). Evidence of Oxidative Stress in American Kestrels Exposed to Electromagnetic Fields Environ Res. 86(2):198-207, 2001.
Show BibTeX
@article{kj_2001_evidence_of_oxidative_stress_364,
  author = {Fernie KJ and Bird DM.},
  title = {Evidence of Oxidative Stress in American Kestrels Exposed to Electromagnetic Fields},
  year = {2001},
  
  url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S001393510194263X},
}

Quick Questions About This Study

Researchers exposed American kestrels (small falcons) to electromagnetic fields similar to those from power lines for nearly 24 hours daily over 91 days. The EMF-exposed birds showed signs of immune system stress and oxidative damage, including reduced blood proteins, lower red blood cell counts, and decreased protective antioxidants. This suggests that even relatively low-level EMF exposure can trigger biological stress responses in wildlife.