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Using medaka embryos as a model system to study biological effects of the electromagnetic fields on development and behavior.

Bioeffects Seen

Lee W, Yang KL. · 2014

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EMF exposure accelerated fish development and increased anxiety behavior at levels comparable to everyday electrical environments.

Plain English Summary

Summary written for general audiences

Researchers exposed fish embryos to extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (3.2 kHz) at various intensities to study developmental effects. They found that EMF exposure accelerated embryonic development across multiple measures including eye formation, brain development, and hatching time. Fish exposed to the highest EMF levels also showed increased anxiety-like behavior after hatching.

Why This Matters

This study provides compelling evidence that extremely low frequency EMFs can alter biological development at surprisingly low exposure levels. The 3.2 kHz frequency tested falls within the range of power line harmonics and industrial equipment that we encounter daily. What makes this research particularly significant is that it demonstrates both accelerated development and behavioral changes in a living organism, not just isolated cells. The fact that even relatively low EMF intensities produced measurable effects across multiple developmental endpoints suggests our current understanding of 'safe' exposure levels may need revision. The behavioral changes observed - increased anxiety-like responses - are especially concerning given the growing body of research linking EMF exposure to neurological effects in humans.

Exposure Details

SAR
0.00012, 0.015, 0.025, 0.06 W/kg
Source/Device
3.2kHz

Where This Falls on the Concern Scale

Study Exposure Level in ContextA logarithmic scale showing exposure levels relative to Building Biology concern thresholds and regulatory limits.Study Exposure Level in ContextThis study: 0.00012, 0.015, 0.025, 0.06 W/kgExtreme Concern0.1 W/kgFCC Limit1.6 W/kgEffects observed in the No Concern range (Building Biology)FCC limit is 13,333x higher than this exposure level

Study Details

Here we explored the feasibility of using medaka embryos as a model system to study biological effects of EMFs on development. We also used a white preference test to investigate behavioral consequences of the EMF developmental toxicity.

Newly fertilized embryos were randomly assigned to four groups that were exposed to an EMF with 3.2k...

The results showed that embryos exposed to all three levels of the EMF developed significantly faste...

Our results also demonstrate that the medaka embryo is a sensitive and cost-efficient in vivo model system to study developmental toxicity of EMFs.

Cite This Study
Lee W, Yang KL. (2014). Using medaka embryos as a model system to study biological effects of the electromagnetic fields on development and behavior. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2014 Jul 29;108C:187-194. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.06.035.
Show BibTeX
@article{w_2014_using_medaka_embryos_as_1146,
  author = {Lee W and Yang KL.},
  title = {Using medaka embryos as a model system to study biological effects of the electromagnetic fields on development and behavior.},
  year = {2014},
  
  url = {https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25084399/},
}

Quick Questions About This Study

Researchers exposed fish embryos to extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (3.2 kHz) at various intensities to study developmental effects. They found that EMF exposure accelerated embryonic development across multiple measures including eye formation, brain development, and hatching time. Fish exposed to the highest EMF levels also showed increased anxiety-like behavior after hatching.