6,486 Studies Reviewed. 85.2% of Original Studies Found Biological Effects. The Evidence is Clear.
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Whole Body / General

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Key Finding: 93% of 2,429 primary studies on whole body / general found biological effects from EMF exposure.

Of 2,429 studies examining whole body / general, 93% found measurable biological effects from EMF exposure.

Lowest Documented Effect

Research found effects on whole body / general at exposures as low as:

Study Exposure Level in ContextStudy Exposure Level in Context7.2 × 10⁻⁸ W/kgExtreme Concern - 0.1 W/kgFCC Limit - 1.6 W/kgEffects documented below the Building Biology "No Concern" threshold (0.001 W/kg)FCC limit is 22.2 million times higher than this level

Research Overview

  • -When 95% of nearly 3,800 peer-reviewed studies document biological effects from electromagnetic field (EMF) exposure, we're looking at a weight of evidence that demands attention.
  • -This isn't fringe science or industry speculation-it's the consistent finding across independent research examining how radiofrequency radiation, extremely low frequency fields, and other non-ionizing EMF sources interact with human physiology.
  • -The question isn't whether effects occur, but which ones matter most to you and your family.

When 95% of nearly 3,800 peer-reviewed studies document biological effects from electromagnetic field (EMF) exposure, we're looking at a weight of evidence that demands attention. This isn't fringe science or industry speculation-it's the consistent finding across independent research examining how radiofrequency radiation, extremely low frequency fields, and other non-ionizing EMF sources interact with human physiology. The question isn't whether effects occur, but which ones matter most to you and your family. The documented effects span multiple biological systems.

That's what the evidence shows across the 3,798 studies in our whole body research collection: 3,591 of them identified biological changes in response to electromagnetic field exposure.

Research on chicken embryos exposed to both ELF and RF radiation demonstrated 27% less protective protein production after repeated exposures, indicating compromised cellular defense mechanisms.

Source: BioInitiative Working Group. BioInitiative Report: A Rationale for Biologically-based Public Exposure Standards for Electromagnetic Radiation. Edited by Cindy Sage and David O. Carpenter, BioInitiative, 2012, updated 2020. www.bioinitiative.org

Showing 2,816 studies

BACKGROUND INFORMATION ON EXTRA-HIGH-VOLTAGE OVERHEAD ELECTRIC TRANSMISSION LINES

David E. Janes · 1976

In March 1975 the Environmental Protection Agency requested data on health and environmental effects of extremely high voltage transmission lines. By March 1976 the agency had received over 50 responses comprising more than 6,000 pages of material. This report lists each respondent with a brief description of their submission and provides an alphabetical bibliography of the technical materials received. The submitted technical material consists mostly of published articles along with some technical memorandums and internal reports. Bibliographies supplied by respondents have not yet been compiled and readers are directed to the original submissions for those references.

Analysis of Transit Time Effects on Doppler Flow Measurement

Vernon L. Newhouse, Phillip J. Bendick, L. William Varner · 1976

The study derived a mathematical relation between the transmitted spectral density and the output spectral density for broad-bandwidth random-signal Doppler flow measurement systems operating under transit-time-limited conditions. The authors showed that random or pseudorandom Doppler systems give the same output spectrum as pulsed RF Doppler systems provided the transmitted spectral density envelopes match.

Microwave Heating of Malignant Mouse Tumors and Tissue Equivalent Phantom Systems

J. Eugene Robinson, Duncan McCulloch, Edgar A. Edelsack · 1976

Researchers exposed mammary tumors on mice to 2450 MHz microwaves at up to 200 watts in a free-field setup. Microwave heating alone from room temperature was marginal and produced unacceptably high thermal non-uniformities. Adding warm air to preheat tumors to body core temperature allowed hyperthermic temperatures of 40°C and 43°C with only 30 watts of microwave power. However, the maximum temperature deviation within tumors remained about 1.5°C, exceeding the desired uniformity of less than 0.25°C.

THERMAL RESPONSES TO HIGH-FREQUENCY ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION FIELDS

James W. Frazer et al. · 1976

At 1000 mW/cm², rectal temperature rose from 38.1°C to 39.4°C in the first half hour and then fell to 38.8°C, while skin temperature rose to 38.6°C and then fell to 37.2°C. At 750 mW/cm², skin temperature increased 1.4°C then declined 1.5°C, and rectal temperature increased 0.4°C to an equilibrium of about 37.8°C. Continuous 6-hour exposure at 750 mW/cm² raised rectal temperature by 1.7°C and skin temperature by 2.8°C.

Determination of Power Absorption in Man Exposed to High Frequency Electromagnetic Fields by Thermographic Measurements on Scale Models

Arthur W. Guy, Michael D. Webb, Carrol C. Sorensen · 1976

Researchers used thermographic measurements on scale models of humans in a VHF resonant cavity to determine power absorption characteristics for full-scale humans exposed to high-frequency electromagnetic fields. Peak power absorption densities of 5.63 W/kg were found for a human exposed to 10 mW/cm² at 31 MHz. Absorption decreased as the square of the frequency for frequencies below 31 MHz.

Biological Effects of Electromagnetic Radiation (Radiowaves and Microwaves) - Eurasian Communist Countries (U)

Unknown authors · 1976

The review assessed human vulnerability, protection materials, and methods for military operations, using sources up to October 1975. It examined biological effects of radiofrequency and microwave radiation up to 300,000 megahertz, including both thermal and nonthermal effects. The review noted that Communist research relied heavily on animal and in vitro studies of systems such as blood, cardiovascular, and nervous systems, and that Communist exposure standards were more stringent than Western standards.

Microwave Applications in the Food Industry

G. Faillon, E. Maloney · 1976

The study describes two new food-industry applications of microwave power: roasting cocoa beans in Europe and drying egg-volk paste in Japan. Microwave roasting of cocoa beans proved highly effective and produced beans judged clearly superior to conventional methods. Microwave drying of egg-volk paste was found feasible and the product considered superior in characteristics to conventionally produced powder.

Learn More

For a comprehensive exploration of EMF health effects including whole body / general, along with practical protection strategies, explore these books by R Blank and Dr. Martin Blank.

FAQs: EMF & Whole Body / General

When 95% of nearly 3,800 peer-reviewed studies document biological effects from electromagnetic field (EMF) exposure, we're looking at a weight of evidence that demands attention. This isn't fringe science or industry speculation-it's the consistent finding across independent research examining how radiofrequency radiation, extremely low frequency fields, and other non-ionizing EMF sources interact with human physiology.
The SYB Research Database includes 2,429 peer-reviewed studies examining the relationship between electromagnetic field exposure and whole body / general. These studies have been conducted by researchers worldwide and published in scientific journals. The research spans multiple decades and includes various types of EMF sources including cell phones, WiFi, power lines, and other common sources of electromagnetic radiation.
93% of the 2,429 studies examining whole body / general found measurable biological effects from EMF exposure. This means that 2257 studies documented observable changes in biological systems when exposed to electromagnetic fields. The remaining 7% either found no significant effects or had inconclusive results, which is typical in scientific research where study design and exposure parameters vary.