Jin Y et al. · 2019
Researchers treated Arabidopsis seedlings with static magnetic fields of different intensities and directions relative to gravity. Root growth was significantly enhanced by 600 mT fields except when the field was oriented opposite to gravity, while 300 mT fields had no effect. The enhancement involved increased cell division in the root meristem and higher auxin levels regulated by PIN3 and AUX1 expression. The growth promotion was absent in pin3 and aux1 mutants and in the double cryptochrome mutant cry1 cry2. Transcriptomic analysis showed that 85% of genes down-regulated by the parallel magnetic field were enriched in plastid biological processes.
(VT, VO, AE, LE · 2019
Researchers exposed human ventricular cardiomyocytes to 50 Hz magnetic fields at 100 µT for 1 hour continuously or 75 minutes intermittently. They also exposed ten male Sprague-Dawley rats to 50 Hz magnetic fields at 100 µT for 7 days while another ten rats were sham exposed. Exposure did not induce DNA damage, cell cycle changes, or increased ROS levels, and no significant differences were found in p53 and Hsp70 expression between exposed and sham groups in vitro or in vivo.
Sharma A, Sharma S, Shrivastava S, Singhal PK, Shukla S · 2019
Researchers divided male Wistar rats into a control group and an experimental group of six rats each. The experimental group was exposed to 2100 MHz microwave radiation for 4 hours per day, 5 days per week, for 3 months. Exposure showed significant alterations in cholinesterase activity, muscular strength, learning ability, and anxiety. MWR exposure was also associated with significant alteration in the oxidative defense system and hippocampus degeneration. Histopathological observations showed neural degeneration.
Kim JH, Huh YH, Kim HR · 2019
Researchers exposed C57BL/6 mice to 835 MHz RF-EMF at 4.0 W/kg SAR for 5 hours daily over 12 weeks. The number and size of synaptic vesicles in hypothalamic presynaptic terminals were significantly decreased. The density of docking and fusing synaptic vesicles in active zones was also significantly decreased. Expression levels of synapsin I/II, synaptotagmin 1, and calcium channels were significantly decreased in the hypothalamus. Tests of core body temperature, body weight, and buried pellet test revealed no significant phenotypical changes.
Panagopoulos DJ · 2019
The study introduced a general method for classifying ancient documents to their writer. Two methods were developed: one comparing alphabet symbol realizations and another determining ideal symbol forms. Analysis of 26 Byzantine codices revealed they were written by only four distinct writers. The famous 'twin' manuscripts were confirmed to be written by the same hand.
Del Re B, Bersani F, Giorgi G · 2019
Researchers aimed to determine whether radiofrequency electromagnetic field exposure could affect repetitive DNA transcription. Three human cell lines (HeLa, BE(2)C, SH-SY5Y) were exposed to 900 MHz GSM-modulated RF-EMF at 1 W/kg or sham. After exposure, mRNA levels of repetitive DNA were measured by quantitative real-time PCR for Long Interspersed nucleotide Element 1, DNA alpha satellite, and Human Endogenous Retroviruses-like sequences. Exposure effects on transcription differed across the three cell lines, indicating effects depend on cellular context and tissue type.
Qin F, Shen T, Cao H, Qian J, Zou D, Ye M, Pei H · 2019
Researchers examined the potential of cerium oxide nanoparticles to protect testosterone synthesis in primary mouse Leydig cells during exposure to 1,800 MHz radiofrequency radiation in vitro. The optimum concentration of CeO2NPs for cell proliferation was determined to be 128 μg/mL. Cells exposed to RF alone showed reduced testosterone, total antioxidant capacity, and catalase activity, increased malondialdehyde content, and downregulated expression of Star, Cyp11a1, Hsd-3β, Clock, Bmal1, and Rorα genes. Pretreatment with 128 μg/mL CeO2NPs for 24 hours followed by RF exposure significantly increased testosterone synthesis, upregulated testosterone synthase and clock gene expression, and increased resistance to oxidative damage compared to RF exposure alone.
Unknown authors · 2019
Nishimura T, Tada H, Fukushima M. · 2019
Researchers studied tail-lifting behavior in bearded dragons (Pogona vitticeps) exposed to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields and compared them to a control group. They recorded daily tail lifts per lizard and analyzed them against lunar phase, geomagnetic K index, temperature, humidity, pressure, and month. In the ELF-EMF group, lizards responded to the full moon, while the control group did not. In the ELF-EMF group, tail lifts were higher on days with a higher K index in the first period (P = 0.07), but the control group showed no such tendency in either period. The authors suggest that ELF-EMF exposure may increase magnetic-field sensitivity in lizards.
Todorović D et al. · 2019
Researchers exposed one-month-old cockroach Blaptica dubia nymphs to magnetic fields for 5 months across three groups: a control group, a static magnetic field (SMF) group at 110 mT, and an extremely low-frequency magnetic field (ELF MF) group at 50 Hz and 10 mT. Gut masses were significantly lower in both magnetic field groups compared to the control. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities were markedly higher than in the control, while glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activities were significantly lower in both magnetic field groups. The applied magnetic fields were considered a potential stressor influencing gut mass and the examined antioxidant biomarkers.
NTP 2018. NTP Technical Report on the Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies in Hsd:Sprague Dawley SD Rats exposed to Whole-body Radio Frequency Radiation at a Frequency (900 MHz) and Modulations (GSM and CDMA) used by Cell Phones. National Toxicology Program et al. · 2018
Unknown authors · 2018
Repeated Wi-Fi studies show that Wi-Fi causes oxidative stress, sperm/testicular damage, neuropsychiatric effects including EEG changes, apoptosis, cellular DNA damage, endocrine changes, and calcium overload. Each of these effects are also caused by exposures to other microwave frequency EMFs, with each such effect being documented in from 10 to 16 reviews. The author states that voltage-gated calcium channel activation is the predominant mechanism of action for these EMF effects.
Unknown authors · 2018
Zuo H, Liu X, Wang D, Li Y, Xu X, Peng R, Song T · 2018
Researchers established an AD rat model using D-galactose and Aβ25-35 injections and exposed the rats to 50 Hz, 400 µT ELF-MF for 60 days. Spatial memory was assessed with the Morris water maze. Protein expression and interactions in the RKIP-mediated NF-κB pathway were measured by western blotting and co-immunoprecipitation. ELF-MF exposure partially improved cognitive disorder, increased RKIP, TAK1, and RKIP/TAK1 interaction, and decreased p-IKK levels. The authors concluded that RKIP-mediated NF-κB signaling plays an important role in the ELF-MF-mediated improvements.
Zhang X-Q, Li L, Huo J-T, Cheng M, Li L-H · 2018
Researchers created a rat model of vascular dementia using two-vessel occlusion. Two days after injury, they applied 30 pulses of rTMS to each hemisphere at 0.5 Hz and 1.33 T for 30 days. Learning and memory were assessed with the Morris water maze test. The treatment improved learning and memory, increased cholinergic neuron density, and increased BDNF-immunoreactive cells.
Sun C, Wei X, Yimaer A, Xu Z, Chen G · 2018
Researchers investigated the effects of 50 Hz magnetic fields on DNA damage in ATM-proficient and ATM-deficient mouse embryonic fibroblasts. Cells were exposed to 50 Hz magnetic fields at 2.0 mT for 15 minutes, 1 hour, or 24 hours. No significant differences in γH2AX foci number or percentage of positive cells were found between sham and exposed groups for ATM-proficient cells. Extending exposure to 1 or 24 hours also did not significantly change γH2AX foci formation in ATM-proficient cells, and similar results were seen in ATM-deficient cells. Additionally, 50 Hz magnetic field exposure did not significantly influence DNA fragmentation, cell viability, or cell cycle progression in either cell type.
Unknown authors · 2018
Researchers exposed cultured neonatal human retinal pigment epithelial cells to pulsed electromagnetic fields at 1 mT and 50 Hz for 8 hours daily over 3 days. They assessed cell proliferation, cell death, protein expression of RPE65, PAX6, nestin, and cytokeratin 8/18, and gene expression of NES, PAX6, RPE65, and ACTA2. Exposed cells showed no significant changes in cytomorphology, proliferation, or death. Protein expression of PAX6 decreased while RPE65, cytokeratin 8/18, and nestin remained unchanged. Gene expression of NES, RPE65, and PAX6 decreased, while ACTA2 did not change significantly.
Unknown authors · 2018
Researchers exposed female Wistar albino rats to 1800 MHz RF-EMF at 6.8 ± 0.1 V/m and 0.06 W/kg SAR for 2 hours per day for eight weeks, with a sham group kept under similar conditions without exposure. They measured Hsp27, p38MAPK, EGFR, and caspase-3 gene expression using real-time PCR. Caspase-3 and p38MAPK gene expression were significantly upregulated in the ocular tissues of exposed rats.
Hinrikus H et al · 2018
The review analyzes theoretical and experimental results to explain how low-level microwave radiation affects biological systems. The proposed mechanism states that microwave radiation rotates dipolar molecules, which polarizes the dielectric medium and restructures hydrogen bonds. Weakened hydrogen bonds then decrease viscosity and enhance diffusion at constant temperature. The model's steps have no critical frequency restrictions at microwave frequencies and are supported by electromagnetic field theory and published experiments.
Unknown authors · 2018
The study analyzed extremely low-frequency magnetic fields from 3163 datasets collected in 100 Australian houses across different geographical locations. Average geometric mean magnetic fields were 0.85 mG at beds, 1.39 mG in bedrooms, 0.39 mG at baby cots, 0.47 mG in children's play areas, and 0.30 mG in family rooms. Measurements showed considerable variation, with 21.83% of bed measurements and 33.33% of bedroom measurements exceeding 4 mG, and some emissions surpassed ICNIRP general public exposure limits. Away from electrical appliances, average fields in all rooms ranged from 0.30 to 1.39 mG. The authors suggest simple precautions can reduce exposure and propose their data collection model for future surveys.
Unknown authors · 2018
Cichoń N, Rzeźnicka P, Bijak M, Miller E, Miller S, Saluk J. · 2018
Researchers enrolled 57 post-stroke patients and assigned them to an ELF-EMF therapy group or a control group that received only kinesiotherapy. Oxidative stress was measured in plasma using thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), thiol groups, and carbonyl groups. Rehabilitation progress was assessed with the Activities of Daily Living (ADL), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). All oxidative stress parameters were significantly reduced and clinical parameters significantly improved in the ELF-EMF group compared with the control group.
Piccinetti CC et al. · 2018
Researchers evaluated the biological effects of 100 MHz radiofrequency electromagnetic field exposure on zebrafish embryos using a multidisciplinary protocol. The 100 MHz EMF affected zebrafish embryonic development from 24 to 72 hours post-fertilization across all analyzed pathways. At 48 hours post-fertilization, reduced growth, increased oxidative stress gene transcription, apoptotic and autophagic processes, and modified cholesterol metabolism were detected. By 72 hours post-fertilization, embryos partially recovered from stress and reached hatching time comparable to controls.
Masoumi A, Karbalaei N, Mortazavi SMJ, Shabani M. · 2018
The Wi-Fi exposure used a frequency of 2.45 GHz. The Wi-Fi exposed group had significantly lower weight gain than controls and developed hyperglycemia. Plasma insulin levels and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion from pancreatic islets were significantly reduced, while pancreatic lipid peroxidation increased and GSH, SOD, and GPx activities decreased.
Qureshi MRA, Alfadhl Y, Chen X, Peyman A, Maslanyj M, Mann S · 2018
