Krause CM et al. · 2000
Researchers studied the effects of cellular phone EMF on EEG frequency bands in 16 normal subjects performing an auditory memory task. All subjects completed the memory task with and without exposure to a digital 902 MHz EMF in counterbalanced order. EMF exposure significantly increased EEG power in the 8-10 Hz frequency band only. EMF presence altered ERD/ERS responses across all studied frequency bands depending on time and memory task phase.
Lebedeva NN et al. · 2000
EEG was recorded from 16 standard leads during eyes-open and eyes-closed conditions and analyzed with custom non-linear dynamics software that computed a multichannel global correlation dimension. A significant increase in global correlation dimension occurred during and after exposure, more pronounced with eyes closed. The authors interpreted this increase as a manifestation of cortex activation under phone EMF exposure.
Huber R et al. · 2000
Researchers exposed healthy young male subjects for 30 minutes to EMF at 900 MHz and a spatial peak specific absorption rate of 1 W/kg during the waking period before sleep. Compared with a sham exposure control condition, EEG spectral power during non-rapid eye movement sleep was increased, with the maximum rise in the 9.75-11.25 Hz and 12.5-13.25 Hz bands during the initial part of sleep. The researchers concluded that the changes of brain function induced by pulsed high-frequency EMF outlast the exposure period.
de Seze R, Ayoub J, Peray P, Miro L, Touitou Y · 1999
Researchers evaluated maximum serum melatonin concentration, time of maximum, and area under the curve of the hormone profile. Thirty-eight men aged 20 to 32 years were exposed to GSM 900 or DCS 1800 phones for 2 hr/day, 5 days/wk, for 4 wk at maximum power. Blood samples were collected hourly during the night and every 3 hr in the daytime across four sessions at 15-day intervals. The melatonin circadian profile was not disrupted by the exposure.
Borbely et al. · 1999
Researchers exposed healthy young subjects during an entire night-time sleep episode to a 900 MHz electromagnetic field at a maximum specific absorption rate of 1 W/kg. The exposure schedule consisted of alternating 15-min on-15-min off intervals. Compared with a control night with sham exposure, the amount of waking after sleep onset was reduced from 18 to 12 min, and EEG spectral power in non-rapid eye movement sleep was increased. The researchers concluded that pulsed high-frequency EMF in the range of radiotelephones may promote sleep and modify the sleep EEG.
Wagner, P, Roschke, J, Mann, K, Hiller, W, Frank, C · 1998
Researchers recorded all-night polysomnographies of 24 healthy male subjects with and without exposure to a circularly polarized 900 MHz pulsed electromagnetic field at 0.2 W/m². Suppression of REM sleep and a sleep-inducing effect under field exposure did not reach statistical significance, so previous results indicating alterations of these sleep parameters could not be replicated. Spectral power analysis also did not reveal any alterations of the EEG rhythms during EMF exposure.
Mann et al. · 1998
Researchers exposed healthy humans to a 900 MHz pulsed electromagnetic field (217 Hz, 0.02 mW/cm²) and measured nocturnal hormone profiles of growth hormone, cortisol, luteinizing hormone, and melatonin under polysomnographic control. Cortisol showed a slight, transient elevation that persisted for one hour after exposure onset. No significant changes were found for growth hormone, luteinizing hormone, or melatonin, and sleep EEG showed no significant alterations, though there was a trend toward REM suppression.
Mann, K, Roschke, J, Connemann, B, Beta, H · 1998
The influence of pulsed high-frequency electromagnetic fields emitted by digital mobile radio telephones on heart rate during sleep in healthy humans was investigated. For most parameters, significant differences between different sleep stages were found. Under the given experimental conditions, autonomic control of heart rate was not affected by weak-pulsed high-frequency electromagnetic fields.
Braune, S, Wrocklage, C, Raczek, J, Gailus, T, Lucking, CH · 1998
The study enrolled seven healthy men and three women volunteers aged 26 to 36 years in a single-blind placebo-controlled design. Participants were exposed to a GSM 900 MHz signal at 2 Watt with a 217 Hz frame repetition rate for 35 min per session. Blood pressure and heart rate were recorded continuously with a Finapres device, while capillary perfusion was measured with an infrared plethysmograph on the right hand.
Bergdahl J, Tillberg A, Stenman E. · 1998
Twenty-eight consecutive patients with symptoms allegedly caused by electricity or visual display units were odontologically investigated using a specially designed registration form. The most common oral and general symptoms reported were burning mouth, craniomandibular dysfunction symptoms, skin complaints, and fatigue. Urinary mercury analysis showed a mean concentration of 8.5 nmol Hg/L urine, with no patient exceeding 50 nmol Hg/L. Urinary mercury concentration correlated positively with the number of amalgam fillings and with craniomandibular disorders. No or low secretion of the minor mucous glands was found in 43% of the patients.
Vollrath L, Spessert R, Kratzsch T, Keiner M, Hollmann H · 1997
Researchers exposed male and female Sprague-Dawley rats and Djungarian hamsters to 900 MHz electromagnetic fields at 0.1 to 0.6 mW/cm2, continuous or pulsed at 217 Hz, for 15 min to 6 h. At day or night had no notable short-term effect on pineal melatonin synthesis in male and female Sprague-Dawley rats and Djungarian hamsters. Pineal synaptic ribbon profile numbers (studied in rats only) were likewise not affected The 900 MHz electromagnetic fields, unpulsed or pulsed at 217 Hz, as applied in the present study, have no short-term effect on the mammalian pineal gland.
Roschke, J, Mann, K · 1997
Researchers tested 34 healthy men in a single-blind cross-over study with a 900 MHz GSM field at 0.05 mW/cm² for nearly 3.5 minutes. They measured spontaneous EEG from C3 and C4 under closed eyes and found no difference in spectral power density between active and inactive phone conditions.
Vorobyov VV, Galchenko AA, Kukushkin NI, Akoev IG · 1997
Researchers studied averaged EEG frequency spectra in eight unanesthetized adult male rats with chronically implanted electrodes in symmetrical somesthetic areas during intermittent exposure to a weak 945 MHz microwave field amplitude-modulated at 4 Hz. Hemispheric asymmetry showed power decreases in the 1.5-3 Hz range on the left and in the 10-14 and 20-30 Hz ranges on the right hemisphere. No differences between control and exposure were found in averaged spectra over 10 or 1 minute periods. However, significant elevations of EEG asymmetry in the 10-14 Hz range occurred during the first 20 seconds after most microwave field onsets when spectra were averaged every 10 seconds.
Lai, H, Singh, NP, · 1997
Researchers investigated the effects of microwave exposure on DNA strand breaks in rat brain cells. They found that treating rats with either melatonin or the spin-trap compound PBN immediately before and after radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation exposure blocked the DNA strand breaks. Because both substances are free radical scavengers, the researchers hypothesized that free radicals are involved in the radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation-induced DNA damage.
Mann, K, Roschke, J · 1996
Researchers investigated the influence of pulsed high-frequency electromagnetic fields from digital mobile radio telephones on sleep in healthy humans. They found a hypnotic effect that shortened sleep onset latency and a REM suppressive effect that reduced REM sleep duration and percentage. Spectral analysis showed qualitative alterations of the EEG signal during REM sleep with increased spectral power density.
Bortkiewicz A, Gadzicka E, Zmyslony M, · 1996
The study compared 71 workers at medium-frequency broadcast stations with 22 non-exposed radio link station workers. Age and work tenure distributions did not differ significantly between groups. Heart rate variability was measured from 512 normal heart evolutions at rest using a Medea-HV system. Time-domain and frequency-domain HRV parameters showed no statistically significant differences between exposed and non-exposed groups. In the exposed group, maximum EM field intensity correlated negatively with high-frequency power spectrum.
Bielski J, Sikorski M · 1996
The study examined 50 workers exposed to electromagnetic radiation in the form of radiowaves. Average glucose levels were 155 mg% at 30 minutes, 180 mg% at 60 minutes, 153 mg% at 90 minutes, and 124 mg% at 120 minutes. Among those with glucose tolerance disturbances, 10 persons (32%) also had abnormal EEG records indicating disorders in brain bioelectric activity.
Reiser H, Dimpfel W, Schober F · 1995
Researchers conducted a single-blind, cross-over, placebo-controlled study with 36 volunteers. Volunteers were exposed to a MEGA-WAVE therapy instrument and a mobile digital telephone, and also underwent a no-exposure control. The MEGA-WAVE instrument increased EEG power in Alpha2, Beta1, and Beta2 bands during and after exposure. The mobile telephone increased EEG power in the same bands after a delay of about 15 minutes.
Thuroczy G, Kubinyi G, Bodo M, Bakos J, Szabo LD, · 1994
At 30 mW/cm², total EEG power increased, while at 10 mW/cm² EEG did not change but cerebral blood flow increased. Brain-localized 4 GHz continuous-wave exposure at 42 mW/g SAR increased EEG delta power and REG amplitude simultaneously.
