Program for Control of Electromagnetic Pollution of the Environment: The Assessment of Biological Hazards of Nonionizing Electromagnetic Radiation
Unknown authors · 1972
Research on electromagnetic radiation from laptop computers, combining RF emissions (WiFi, Bluetooth) and ELF magnetic fields from electronics.
Your laptop sits inches from your body for hours each day, emitting radiofrequency radiation from its WiFi antenna and extremely low frequency magnetic fields from its internal components. These emissions span a remarkably wide range, from 50 Hz power frequencies up to 5.8 GHz wireless signals, creating what researchers call a "mixed exposure environment" right on your lap or desk. What makes laptops particularly concerning from an EMF perspective is their proximity to your body combined with duration of use.
Unknown authors · 1972
Konryk R. Kucla · 1972
Unknown authors · 1972
James F. Arens, George L. Leonard · 1971
Department of the Navy, Bureau of Medicine and Surgery · 1971
The instruction designates a BUMED Project Office for Biological Effects of Electromagnetic Radiation. The project covers the entire electromagnetic spectrum from cosmic rays to extremely low frequency, with primary interest in microwave and extremely low frequency areas. The mission is to provide the Chief of the Bureau of Medicine and Surgery and the Operating Forces of the Navy, and other Services and agencies when requested, with information and research data concerning the biological effects of electromagnetic radiation.
Yu. A. Kholodov, G. R. Solov'yeva · 1971
Unknown authors · 1971
Lawrence N. Parker · 1971
Solomon H. Snyder · 1971
Mohammed Moayer · 1971
Mohammed Moayer · 1971
This 1971 study examined how short-wave radiofrequency radiation affects the structure and appearance of placental tissue in laboratory animals. The research focused on identifying physical changes to the placenta following RF exposure during pregnancy. While specific findings aren't available, this represents early research into how electromagnetic fields might impact developing pregnancies.
Kenneth R. Envall, Richard W. Peterson, Harold F. Stewart · 1971
Mills · 1971
Warren H. Donnelly, James M. McCullough · 1971
M. DEROCHE · 1971
This 1971 French study examined biological disturbances in operating room technicians exposed to high-frequency electromagnetic fields during their work. The research focused on occupational health effects from RF radiation sources commonly found in medical facilities at that time. This represents early recognition that workplace EMF exposure could affect human health.
J. Damelin · 1971
The report explains that high-power VHF-UHF radiation can harm people and animals by overheating tissue. It defines radiation protection guide numbers of 10 and 1.0 milliwatts per square meter for different temperature-humidity indices. If the curves indicate a potential hazard, the actual antenna system must be analyzed with extensive near-field calculations.
H. Dean McKay · 1971
Ye. A. Lobanova, A.V. Goncharova · 1971
Heering, van Osch · 1971
The report defines microwave radiation as electromagnetic radiation covering the range between conventional radio waves and far infrared. It explains that microwave absorption in tissues depends on water content and frequency, with fat allowing deeper penetration than muscle. The report classifies biological effects into thermal, specific thermal, and non-thermal categories and notes that harmful thermal effects usually occur at power densities exceeding 100 aW/on.
William Konne, Jr. · 1971
Arens JF, Leonard GL · 1971
This 1971 study examined the dangers of using microwave energy to warm blood for medical transfusions, focusing on risks of hemolysis (blood cell destruction) and overheating. The research investigated how microwave heating could overwhelm or damage blood components, making it unsafe for patient use.
Mays L. Swicord · 1971
Stephen W. Smith, David G. Brown · 1971
C. L. Schepens, M.D. · 1971
Brady, M.M. · 1971