Azimzadeh M, Jelodar G · 2020
This study examined the effects of 900 MHz radiofrequency exposure on trace element concentrations (iron, copper, zinc, and manganese) in rat brain tissue, and investigated whether vitamin E pretreatment could provide protective effects. The results showed that radiofrequency exposure disrupted trace element homeostasis by increasing iron, copper, and manganese levels while decreasing zinc, and vitamin E supplementation partially mitigated these changes.
Azimzadeh M et al. · 2020
Researchers exposed pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats and their pups to 900 MHz radiofrequency waves from a base transceiver station antenna during gestation or the first 21 days after birth for 2 h/d or 4 h/d. Passive avoidance learning and memory were assessed in 45-day-old pups with a shuttle box, and hippocampal histomorphology was examined. All exposed subgroups showed impaired passive avoidance learning and memory, the prenatal exposure group had the greatest deficit, and a mild decrease in pyramidal cell density was seen in exposed subgroups I and III.
Azimzadeh M, Jelodar G · 2020
Researchers exposed pregnant rats and newborn rat pups to 900 MHz radiofrequency radiation (similar to cell phone towers) and tested their learning and memory abilities at 45 days old. All exposed groups showed impaired learning and memory performance, with prenatal exposure causing the most severe effects. Brain tissue examination revealed decreased nerve cell density in memory-related brain regions.
Unknown authors · 2020
Vafaei S, Motejaded F, Ebrahimzadeh-Bideskan A · 2020
Unknown authors · 2020
Jeong et al. · 2020
Public concerns exist about deleterious biological consequences of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields. These concerns have led to wide consideration of the potential effects of RF-EMF on the central nervous system.
Jeong et al. · 2020
Researchers exposed mice to 1,950 MHz radiofrequency radiation (similar to cell phone frequencies) for an extended period and observed behavioral changes along with alterations in gene expression patterns. The study focused on potential effects to the central nervous system, finding measurable impacts on both mouse behavior and genetic activity. This adds to growing evidence that chronic RF exposure may influence brain function and cellular processes.
Unknown authors · 2020
Pregnant rats were exposed to radiofrequency fields starting on day 21 of pregnancy, and offspring were tested with Y maze at 3 weeks, open field at 7 weeks, and hippocampal NMDAR expression at 9 weeks. The 1800 MHz and 1800 MHz + WiFi groups showed a downward trend in body weight, and the WiFi group opened eyes earlier than controls. In open field tests, the 1800 MHz + WiFi group had shorter overall path length and delayed stationary time, the WiFi group had shorter path length and increased velocity in the error arm, and the 1800 MHz + WiFi group showed increased central area activity. Both exposure groups down-regulated NR2A and NR2B and up-regulated NR2D, NR3A, and NR3B, while the WiFi group also up-regulated NR1 and NR2C.
Unknown authors · 2020
Researchers exposed pregnant rats to 1800 MHz cell phone radiation and 2400 MHz WiFi signals, then tested their offspring's behavior and brain development. The exposed pups showed altered movement patterns, changed brain chemistry, and different developmental timing compared to unexposed controls. The study suggests prenatal EMF exposure may affect how the brain develops during critical early periods.
Unknown authors · 2020
Researchers applied a 2-h head-only GSM-1800 MHz exposure to rats with LPS-induced acute neuroinflammation, to healthy rats, and to transgenic hSOD1 G93A rats modeling presymptomatic ALS. Gene responses were measured 24 hours later in a motor area of the cerebral cortex where the mean SAR was 3.22 W/kg. In LPS-treated rats, RNA-seq revealed significant but moderate gene expression changes affecting 2.7% of expressed genes, including neuronal and glial genes and genes involved in protein ubiquitination or dephosphorylation.
Hepatic injury induced by radio frequency waves emitted from conventional Wi-Fi devices in Wistar ratsH M Fahmy et al. · 2020
Researchers exposed Wistar female rats to a standard 2.45 GHz radio frequency source with an averaged whole-body specific absorption rate of 0.01 W kg−1 24 h−1 daily for 40 consecutive days. The rats were randomly divided into control and Wi-Fi–exposed groups. Liver samples were evaluated for oxidative stress parameters, transaminase levels, molecular structure using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, histopathology, and ultrastructure. Exposure led to severe oxidative stress, deleterious effects on liver function, altered molecular structure, and severe histological and ultrastructural alterations indicating hepatotoxic effects.
Unknown authors · 2020
Researchers randomly divided 120 Wistar rats into ten groups of 12 and exposed them to RF-EMF, 10 cGy x-rays, 8 Gy x-rays, combinations of these, or sham exposure. They measured liver enzymes in serum, as well as histopathological changes and oxidative stress markers including MDA, nitric oxide, antioxidant power, total thiols, and PCO. Gamma-glutamyltransferase was not associated with irradiation, but aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, and alkaline phosphatase showed some association. MDA and PCO levels increased after 8 Gy irradiation, but pre-exposure to RF-EMF modulated these changes, and lobular inflammation frequency was associated with the intervention type.
Unknown authors · 2020
The pups were euthanized on day 32 and histology showed that vertebral cartilage had been converted to bone in the exposed group. Central canal diameter and area were significantly larger in the exposed pups compared with controls.
Unknown authors · 2020
Pregnant mice were exposed to Wi-Fi signal (2.4 GHz) for 2 and 4 hours. Placenta tissues were examined for MDA and SOD levels, and gene expression of SOD, CDKNA1, GADD45a, Bax, and Bcl-2 was measured by real-time PCR, while apoptosis was assessed using TUNEL assay. MDA and SOD levels significantly increased in exposed groups (P-value<0.05), and SOD mRNA expression also significantly increased. CDKN1A and GADD45a gene expression increased in exposed groups (P-value<0.05), and apoptosis increased as shown by quantitative PCR and TUNEL assay (P-value<0.05).
Unknown authors · 2020
Researchers exposed pregnant mice to Wi-Fi signals (2.4 GHz) for 2 and 4 hours and examined the placenta tissue. They found increased oxidative stress, DNA damage markers, and cell death in the placenta after Wi-Fi exposure. This matters because the placenta is crucial for healthy fetal development during pregnancy.
Unknown authors · 2020
Unknown authors · 2020
Researchers exposed rats to 900 MHz radiofrequency radiation (the type emitted by cell towers) for four hours daily over 30 days and found it significantly impaired their learning and memory. Rats given vitamin E or a combination of vitamin E and C before exposure were protected from these cognitive effects. The study suggests antioxidant supplementation may counteract some of the biological stress caused by continuous RF radiation exposure.
Delavarifar S et al. · 2020
Researchers exposed 30 adult male Balb/c mice to 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi radiation or sham exposure, with some mice treated with busulfan to induce oligospermia. Low power density Wi-Fi radiation significantly increased sperm concentration in healthy mice and showed greater increase in oligospermic mice with higher exposure.
Haghani M et al. · 2020
During all days of pregnancy, rats in the EMF-exposed group were exposed to 900 MHz pulsed-EMF radiation for 6 h per day. The exposure group demonstrated reduced spontaneous firing associated with upward and rightward shift in I/V curve compared to the control rats, and the peak amplitude of the current for the exposure pups also revealed a significant decrement. The reversal potential was +40 mV and +20 mV for the control and RF-EMF groups, respectively and showed significant differences between the two groups.
Alkis ME et al. · 2019
Researchers exposed male Sprague Dawley rats to radiofrequency radiation at 900, 1800, or 2100 MHz for 2 hours per day for 6 months to study DNA damage and oxidative stress in blood and brain tissue. DNA damage and oxidative stress indicators were found higher in the radiofrequency radiation exposure groups than in the sham-control group. The researchers concluded that 900-, 1800-, and 2100-MHz radiofrequency radiation may cause oxidative damage, induce an increase in lipid peroxidation, and increase oxidative DNA damage in the frontal lobe of rat brain tissues, and that 2100-MHz radiation may cause formation of DNA single-strand breaks.
Unknown authors · 2019
Researchers exposed honey bee queen larvae to radiation from a common mobile phone device (GSM band at 900 MHz) during all stages of pre-adult development including pupation. After 14 days of exposure, hatching of adult queens was assessed and mating success after a further 11 days. Mobile phone radiation significantly reduced the hatching ratio but not the mating success. When treated queens successfully mated, colony development was not adversely affected.
Coyne SM, Stockdale L, Summers K · 2019
NASA's SMAP mission conducted a field experiment over two 40-km agricultural domains in Iowa and Manitoba in summer 2016 with airborne PALS flights and intensive ground measurements. The experiment had two observation periods capturing early-season low vegetation and later-season high vegetation conditions. PALS brightness temperature measurements compared to SMAP showed an RMSD of 2.8 K for vertical polarization and 4.0 K for horizontal polarization. Using seasonally variable parameters allowed satisfactory soil moisture retrieval accuracy. The results suggested that rapidly growing vegetation and early-season surface condition changes not captured by the SMAP algorithm caused SMAP retrieval errors.
Unknown authors · 2019
Twenty-four Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into four groups: control, EMF, luteolin, and EMF + luteolin. EMF exposure reduced Leydig cells, primary spermatocytes, and spermatids, increased SOD activity, and decreased testis wet weight and serum testosterone. Luteolin treatment increased those cell counts, restored testis weight and testosterone, and decreased SOD activity compared with EMF alone.
Unknown authors · 2019
Researchers exposed rats to 900 MHz electromagnetic fields (similar to cell phone radiation) and found significant damage to testicular tissue, including reduced sperm production cells and lower testosterone levels. However, when rats were given the antioxidant luteolin alongside EMF exposure, most of the harmful effects were prevented or reduced.
