Outdoor EMF Infrastructure Research

Microwave effects on plasmid DNA

Unknown authors · 1987

Purified plasmid DNA was exposed to microwave radiation at nonthermal levels in the frequency range from 2.00 to 8.75 GHz. The exposure produced single- and double-strand breaks detected by agarose gel electrophoresis. Microwave-induced DNA damage depended on the presence of small amounts of copper. The effect was dependent on both microwave power and exposure duration. Cuprous ions, but not cupric ions, mimicked the microwave effects on DNA.

An Investigation of Radiofrequency Radiation Levels on Lookout Mountain, Jefferson County, Colorado September 22 - 26, 1986

Unknown authors · 1987

Typical power densities near residences did not exceed 100 pW/cm², and the highest level along Cedar Lake Road was 580 pW/cm², below the FCC guideline of 1,000 pW/cm². Near the KYGO-FM tower base, a level of 10,000 pW/cm² was found, with exceedances over a large area in a residential zone accessible to the public.

50-Hz electromagnetic environment and the incidence of childhood tumors in Stockholm County

Unknown authors · 1986

Radiation protection, in small to extra-large

Michael Kachmar · 1986

Risk Research: When Should We Say "Enough"?

M. Granger Morgan · 1986

Government agencies invested heavily in research examining whether 60-hertz electromagnetic fields from power lines pose health risks. The research demonstrated that low-frequency fields can produce changes in living systems under specific circumstances but has not demonstrated that a hazard exists. Laboratory animal screening studies largely failed to find adverse health impacts, and epidemiological studies linking long-term exposure to cancers were inconclusive. The scientific evidence neither clearly indicates a significant risk nor clearly indicates little or no risk from 60-hertz field exposures.

Federal Radiation Protection Guidance; Proposed Alternatives for Controlling Public Exposure to Radiofrequency Radiation; Notice of Proposed Recommendations

Unknown authors · 1986

The EPA proposed four alternative approaches to limit public exposure to radiofrequency radiation. Three options are regulatory and would set whole-body average SAR limits of 0.04, 0.08, and 0.4 W/kg for frequencies above 3 MHz. For frequencies below 3 MHz, the regulatory options would limit electric field intensity to 87, 275, and 614 V/m and magnetic field intensity to 0.23, 0.73, and -1.63 A/m respectively. The fourth option is nonregulatory and would use information and technical assistance programs instead of adopting Federal Guidance.

Safe Distances from Radiofrequency Transmitters for Electric Blasting Operations

Unknown authors · 1985

WEST GERMANY PUBLISHES EMF EXPOSURE STANDARD

Thomas C. Rozzell · 1984

The article reports that West Germany published its first official human-exposure guidelines for electromagnetic fields, applicable to both workers and the general public. The German standard covers frequencies from 0.01 MHz to 3900 GHz, which is wider than the ANSI standard’s 0.1 MHz to 100 GHz range.

DOE/EPRI/NY State Review of 60 Hz and HV d.c. Bioeffects Research

Unknown authors · 1984

DOSIMETRIC CONCEPTS AND HEALTH RISK EVALUATION IN NONIONIZING ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION PROTECTION

Przemyslaw Czerski, Mays L. Swicord · 1984

The drive to regulate electromagnetic fields

Eric J. Lerner · 1984

Interaction of Biological Systems with Static and ELF Electric and Magnetic Fields

Unknown authors · 1984

Changes in Microwave Radiation Exposure Standards

B.M. Savin et al. · 1983

Psychological symptoms and intermittent hypertension following acute microwave exposure

Unknown authors · 1982

Researchers followed two men for 12 months after they were accidentally and acutely irradiated with X-band microwave radiation. Both men developed similar psychological symptoms including emotional lability, irritability, headaches, and insomnia. Several months later hypertension was diagnosed in both patients with no organic basis found for the psychological problems and no secondary cause for the hypertension.

American National Standard Safety Levels with Respect to Human Exposure to Radio Frequency Electromagnetic Fields, 300 kHz to 100 GHz

Unknown authors · 1982

RF RADIATION: LEGAL AND POLICY IMPLICATIONS

Unknown authors · 1982

Environmental Health Criteria 16: Radiofrequency and Microwaves

Sol M. Michaelson · 1982

The review evaluates the World Health Organization's Environmental Health Criteria 16 document on radiofrequency and microwave fields from 100 kHz to 300 GHz. The reviewer finds the publication unbalanced because it accepts nonthermal interaction literature with cursory critique while neglecting refuting evidence. The review notes that the document's designations of high, medium, and low power densities are ambiguous and ignore the frequency dependence of bioeffects. It points out specific errors in Table 10 frequency designations and an incomplete discussion of chronic cataract studies that omitted rabbit and monkey data showing no ocular damage. The reviewer concludes the document does not meet the high scientific caliber and accuracy of usual WHO publications.

ABSTRACTS - 4th Annual Scientific Session BIOELECTROMAGNETICS SOCIETY

Unknown authors · 1982

The study induced posterior subcapsular cataracts in rabbit eyes using 2.45 GHz continuous wave radiation. Successive stages of cataract development were documented with color stereophotographs taken using a Donaldson stereo-ophthalmic camera with electronic flash illumination and two and one half times initial magnification on film. The photographs were viewed in a Donaldson special viewing apparatus that allowed consecutive stages to be seen by turning a circular knob. The viewed eye appeared as if seen in the living animal through a magnifying lens.

SYNOPSIS OF SUGGESTED GUIDELINES BASED ON 1981 INFORMATION

T. F. Budinger · 1981

The document revises previous NMR instrumentation and clinical study guidelines based on new information and reanalysis. For static magnetic fields, harmful physiological or genetic effects are not expected below 2 T. For changing magnetic fields, the induced current effect threshold is above 5 mT at 1-100 Hz, though waveform, repetition rate, maximum B field, and exposure duration need further study. RF heating guidelines set a practical upper limit of a few watts for short studies under 10 minutes and 1 W/kg for long-term studies, with power absorption estimated via RF coil Q measurements.

An Evaluation of Microwave Emissions from Sensormatic Electronic Security Systems

Howard I. Bassen · 1980

Thermal Aspects of Electromagnetic Field Interactions with Bound Calcium Ions at the Nerve Cell Surface

T. S. Tenforde · 1980

Radio-Frequency and Microwave Radiation

Howard Bassen · 1980

This 1980 FDA research by H. Bassen examined radio-frequency and microwave radiation exposure measurement and safety standards. The study focused on how these electromagnetic fields are absorbed by human tissue and established methods for assessing exposure levels. This represents early foundational work in understanding RF/microwave radiation effects on human health.

Non-Ionizing Radiation: Dealing With a Complicated Situation

Angelo Vassallo · 1980

Measurements of Emission Levels During Microwave and Shortwave Diathermy Treatments

Paul S. Ruggera · 1980

WAVETEK Model 907 7 to 11 GHz Signal Generator

Unknown authors · 1980