Research on electromagnetic radiation from utility smart meters using RF communication.
Smart meters are digital utility devices that automatically transmit your energy usage data to power companies using radiofrequency (RF) electromagnetic fields in the 900 MHz to 2.4 GHz range. Unlike the old analog meters that required manual readings, these devices communicate wirelessly multiple times per day, creating a new source of EMF exposure directly on your home.
B.M. Savin et al. · 1983
This 1983 research by B.M. Savin examined changes in microwave radiation exposure standards, likely comparing different national approaches to radiofrequency safety limits. The study appears to focus on how exposure guidelines evolved during the early 1980s, a critical period when microwave technology was expanding rapidly in both civilian and military applications.
Unknown authors · 1982
This 1982 technical report established American national safety standards for human exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields from 300 kHz to 100 GHz. The document set exposure limits across the RF spectrum, covering frequencies used by radio, television, microwave ovens, and early cellular technology. These standards became foundational guidelines for protecting people from RF radiation exposure.
Unknown authors · 1982
This 1982 conference examined the legal and policy implications of RF (radio frequency) radiation exposure, focusing on the regulatory challenges surrounding non-ionizing electromagnetic fields. The conference brought together experts to discuss how emerging bioeffects research should inform legal frameworks and public policy decisions. This represents an early recognition that RF radiation posed regulatory challenges requiring interdisciplinary approaches.
Sol M. Michaelson · 1982
This 1981 book review by Sol M. Michaelson examined the World Health Organization's Environmental Health Criteria document on radiofrequency and microwave electromagnetic fields. The review assessed WHO's evaluation of biological effects and health criteria for RF/microwave exposure. This represents an early critical analysis of international health standards for electromagnetic field exposure.
Howard I. Bassen · 1980
This 1980 FDA evaluation examined microwave radiation emissions from Sensormatic electronic security systems, the anti-theft devices commonly found at store entrances. The study assessed whether these systems posed radiation hazards to the public. This represents early government recognition that everyday electronic security devices could be sources of microwave exposure requiring evaluation.
Howard Bassen · 1980
This 1980 FDA research by H. Bassen examined radio-frequency and microwave radiation exposure measurement and safety standards. The study focused on how these electromagnetic fields are absorbed by human tissue and established methods for assessing exposure levels. This represents early foundational work in understanding RF/microwave radiation effects on human health.
Angelo Vassallo · 1980
This 1980 study by Angelo Vassallo examined whether radiofrequency heat sealing equipment used in industrial settings needed stricter safety controls to protect workers from electromagnetic field exposure. The research focused on occupational safety concerns around RF heating devices commonly used in manufacturing and packaging operations.
Paul S. Ruggera · 1980
This 1980 government report documented emission levels from medical diathermy equipment, which uses microwave and shortwave frequencies to heat body tissue for therapeutic purposes. The research measured how much electromagnetic radiation these medical devices emit during actual treatments. This data helps establish safety protocols for both patients and healthcare workers operating this equipment.
Unknown authors · 1980
This 1980 technical report describes the HI-3001, an isotropic broadband survey meter designed to measure electromagnetic field strength across multiple frequencies and directions. The device represents early professional-grade EMF measurement technology used to assess environmental electromagnetic exposures. Such measurement tools became essential for establishing baseline EMF levels and monitoring exposure from various sources.
Unknown authors · 1980
This 1980 technical report documented the HI-3001 isotropic broadband survey meter, a device designed to measure electromagnetic fields across multiple frequencies from all directions simultaneously. The meter represented early efforts to create comprehensive RF measurement tools for assessing environmental electromagnetic exposures. This type of instrumentation became foundational for modern EMF exposure assessment and safety monitoring.
Unknown authors · 1980
This 1980 technical report documents the HI-3001 isotropic broadband survey meter, an instrument designed to measure electromagnetic fields across multiple frequencies and directions simultaneously. The device represents early efforts to create comprehensive EMF measurement tools that could detect radiation from various sources in real-world environments. Such instrumentation became essential for understanding human exposure levels to electromagnetic fields.
Leonard David · 1980
This 1980 technical report by PRC examined federal regulation of microwave radiation standards, investigating how government agencies were managing safety limits for microwave exposure. The study focused on the regulatory framework governing microwave radiation safety standards during a period when microwave technology was rapidly expanding in commercial and consumer applications.
Unknown authors · 1980
This 1980 government document covers an application to operate a microwave transmission tower in Multnomah County, Oregon, requiring a height variance for community service operations. The filing represents the regulatory process for establishing microwave infrastructure during the early expansion of wireless communication systems. While specific technical details aren't available, this document illustrates how microwave transmission facilities were being deployed in populated areas four decades ago.
Unknown authors · 1980
This 1980 technical report examined safety levels for human exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields across the 300 kHz to 100 GHz spectrum, contributing to the development of ANSI C95.1 protection standards. The document represents early foundational work by the Radiofrequency Protection Group (RFPG) to establish exposure guidelines for RF radiation. This research helped shape the safety standards that govern everything from cell phones to broadcast towers today.
Unknown authors · 1979
This 1979 technical report proposed threshold limit values (TLVs) for radiofrequency radiation exposure in occupational settings. The document addressed workplace safety standards for electromagnetic energy, particularly microwave radiation exposure limits for workers. This represents early efforts to establish science-based exposure guidelines before widespread consumer electronics adoption.
Stanley M. Neuder · 1979
This 1979 government report developed the SCAT (Scattering Analysis Technique) program to mathematically model how electromagnetic fields interact with biological tissues. The research created computational tools for analyzing multilayered spheres, which represent the complex structure of living cells and organs when exposed to EMF.
Health Council of the Netherlands · 1979
The Health Council of the Netherlands conducted a comprehensive government review in 1979 examining the health hazards associated with microwave radiation exposure. This official assessment evaluated existing research on microwave radiation effects and established recommended exposure limits based on available scientific evidence. The report represents an early institutional recognition of potential microwave radiation health risks.
Unknown authors · 1979
This 1979 government report compiled expert testimony about microwaves and electromagnetic radiation for Power Facilities Council public hearings. The document examined non-ionizing radiation concerns related to power facilities, representing early official recognition of EMF health questions. This testimony helped shape regulatory discussions about electromagnetic exposure standards during the emerging awareness of potential health effects.
NTIA · 1979
The National Telecommunications and Information Administration compiled a comprehensive bibliography of research on electromagnetic pollution and biological hazards from nonionizing radiation in 1979. This government report cataloged scientific literature examining potential health effects from various electromagnetic field sources, providing an early official recognition of EMF as an environmental concern.
Dr. S. S. Stuchly · 1979
This 1979 journal article by Dr. S.S. Stuchly examined microwave power applications across industrial, scientific, medical and domestic uses, including bioeffects research and dosimetry methods. The research focused on understanding how microwave radiation affects biological systems and measuring exposure levels. This work helped establish early foundations for microwave safety standards during the technology's rapid expansion.
Unknown authors · 1979
In 1979, the Federal Communications Commission issued a formal Notice of Inquiry to examine the biological effects of radio frequency radiation, marking an early regulatory acknowledgment that RF exposure might pose health risks. This government document initiated official investigation into whether electromagnetic radiation from radio and communication devices could affect human health. The inquiry represented a significant step toward establishing the FCC's responsibility for protecting public health from RF radiation exposure.
Dr. S. S. Stuchly · 1979
This 1980 journal article by Dr. S.S. Stuchly examined microwave power applications and biological effects, focusing on medical uses like diathermy (therapeutic heating) and instrumentation systems. The research reviewed how microwave energy interacts with biological systems and evaluated heating applications in medical settings. This work contributed to early understanding of microwave bioeffects during a period when microwave technology was expanding rapidly in medical and industrial applications.
A. MAMOUNI, D.D. N'GUYEN, Y. LEROY, E. CONSTANT · 1979
This 1979 French research examined microwave thermography, a technique that uses microwave radiation to measure temperature patterns in living tissue for medical diagnosis. The study explored how electromagnetic waves interact with biological systems and the potential biomedical applications of this technology. This represents early research into how microwave energy behaves in human tissue.
Don R. Justesen · 1979
This 1979 research review examined how microwave radiation affects behavior and psychological functioning in living organisms. The study represents early scientific investigation into whether microwave exposure could alter brain function, mood, or behavioral patterns. This research was conducted during the Cold War era when concerns about microwave weapons and occupational exposure were emerging.
M. H. Benedick · 1979
This 1979 technical report documented a workshop focused on how microwave energy affects the blood-brain barrier, the protective boundary that normally prevents harmful substances from entering brain tissue. The workshop brought together researchers to examine evidence that microwave radiation might compromise this critical biological defense system. This research topic remains highly relevant today given widespread exposure to microwave frequencies from cell phones, WiFi, and other wireless devices.