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Radio Frequency (RF)

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Radio frequency electromagnetic fields are produced by wireless communication devices and broadcast signals. They range from about 3 kHz to 300 GHz and include frequencies used by cell phones, WiFi, Bluetooth, and 5G. RF is typically measured in microwatts per square meter (µW/m²) or milliwatts per square centimeter (mW/cm²).

Concern Level Thresholds

Based on Building Biology Institute guidelines (µW/m² (microwatts per square meter)):

No Concern
< 0.1 µW/m²
Slight Concern
0.1 – 10 µW/m²
Severe Concern
10 – 1,000 µW/m²
Extreme Concern
> 1,000 µW/m²

See where common exposures fall on the scale:

Your RF Exposure in ContextA logarithmic scale showing your reading relative to Building Biology concern thresholds and FCC regulatory limits.Your RF Exposure in ContextNo ConcernSlightSevereExtreme0.1101,000FCC Limit →0.01100,000 uW/m2

Showing 376 studies with measured radio frequency (rf) exposure

Cancer & TumorsNo Effects Found

Lack of effect of 94 GHz radio frequency radiation exposure in an animal model of skin carcinogenesis.

Mason PA et al. · 2001

Researchers exposed mice to 94 GHz millimeter wave radiation (the same frequency range used in some 5G networks) to see if it would promote skin cancer development. Even at very high power levels - 1000 times stronger than typical exposure limits - the radiation showed no effect on tumor formation or growth. This suggests that millimeter wave radiation at these frequencies does not act as a cancer promoter in skin tissue.

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