Sievert U, Eggert S, Pau HW · 2005
Researchers tested 12 healthy people with normal hearing by recording auditory brain stem reflexes before, during, and after exposure to electromagnetic emissions from standardized mobile phone devices. Two modes of electromagnetic emissions fields were used: pulsed and continuous. No impact on auditory brain stem reflexes recordings in terms of absolute and interpeak latencies was found, and the authors concluded no adverse short-term effects on ear function.
Shirai T et al. · 2005
A 1.439 GHz TDMA signal was used for exposure of the rat head starting from 5 weeks of age, 90 min a day, 5 days a week, for 104 weeks. Brain tumorigenesis was initiated by an intrauterine exposure to N-ethylnitrosourea (ENU) on gestational day 18. No increase in the incidences or numbers per group of brain and/or spinal cord tumors, either in the males or females, was detected in the EMF exposed groups. There were no inter-group differences in body weights, food consumption, and survival rates.
Schoemaker MJ et al. · 2005
Researchers conducted six population-based case-control studies in four Nordic countries and the UK to assess acoustic neuroma risk in relation to mobile phone use. Data were collected by personal interview from 678 cases of acoustic neuroma and 3553 controls. The risk of acoustic neuroma in relation to regular mobile phone use was not raised (OR=0.9, 95% CI 0.7-1.1). Risk of a tumour on the same side of the head as reported phone use was raised for use for 10 years or longer (OR=1.8, 95% CI 1.1-3.1).
Preece AW et al. · 2005
Researchers tested 18 children aged 10 to 12 years using a randomized three-way crossover design with exposures of 0, 0.025, or 0.25 W from a Nokia 3110 handset. Baseline reaction times were considerably slower than in adults. There was a tendency for shorter reaction times during exposure, most marked for simple reaction time, but no effects reached statistical significance after Bonferroni correction.
Pau HW, Sievert U, Eggert S, Wild W · 2005
Researchers applied a simulated GSM signal to one ear at a time while recording video nystagmography in 13 volunteers. No EM radiation-induced nystagmus was recorded in any volunteer. In human temporal bones, very weak caloric effects were only found near the antenna, while the horizontal semicircular canal seemed unaffected with temperature changes below 0.1 degree C.
Lonn S, Ahlbom A, Hall P, Feychting M. · 2005
Kuribayashi M et al. · 2005
Researchers investigated possible effects of 1439 MHz electromagnetic near field exposure on the blood-brain barrier in immature (4 weeks old) and young (10 weeks old) rats. Expression of the three genes was not pathologically changed by EMF at any exposure level or age, and vascular permeability measured with FITC-dextran FD20 was not affected. The findings suggest that local head exposure to 1439 MHz EMF exerts no adverse effects on the BBB in immature and young rats.
Koyu A et al. · 2005
Researchers studied the effects of 900 MHz and 1800 MHz EMF on nocturnal serum melatonin in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats exposed for 30 minutes per day, five days per week for four weeks. Serum melatonin concentrations were measured at 12:00 pm using a radioimmunoassay method. No statistically significant differences in melatonin levels were found between the 900 MHz exposed group and the sham group, nor between the 1800 MHz exposed group and the sham group.
Iudice A et al. · 2005
Twenty-three young healthy participants completed a 10 km simulated drive under four counterbalanced conditions: alcohol alone, alcohol with 19 h wakefulness, alcohol with 24 h wakefulness, and sober. The combination of alcohol and 24 h wakefulness produced the highest driving impairment, significantly greater than alcohol alone. Alcohol with 19 h wakefulness significantly affected only the time-to-collision measure, while alcohol alone in rested conditions did not significantly change any study measure.
Haarala C et al. · 2005
Researchers exposed 32 children aged 10-14 to a 902 MHz GSM mobile phone in active and inactive conditions while they performed cognitive tests. Statistical analysis showed no significant differences in reaction times or accuracy between the phone-on and phone-off conditions across all tests. The authors concluded that a standard mobile phone has no effect on children's cognitive function as measured by response speed and accuracy.
Galloni P et al. · 2005
Researchers divided 48 Sprague-Dawley rats into exposed and sham-exposed groups. The rats were exposed 2 h/day, 5 days/week for 4 weeks at a local SAR of 2 W/kg in the ear. Distortion product otoacoustic emissions tests were carried out before, during, and after the exposure. The analysis showed no statistically significant differences in audiological signals between the different groups.
Galloni P et al. · 2005
Researchers evaluated possible effects of cellular phone-like electromagnetic fields on the functionality of the rat cochlea. Distortion product otoacoustic emission amplitude was used as an indicator of outer hair cell status, and multiple exposure protocols with varying frequencies, intensities, and durations were tested before, during, and after exposure. No significant variation due to microwave exposure was evidenced.
Christ A, Kuster N. · 2005
The study investigates differences in RF energy absorption in the heads of adults and children. It discusses absorption mechanisms, tissue parameters, the effect of the pinna, and uncertainties in head models based on spheroids, scaled adult heads, and MRI data of children. The review concludes that energy exposure does not increase due to smaller heads, but identifies open issues regarding dielectric tissue parameters and pinna thickness.
Besset A, Espa F, Dauvilliers Y, Billiard M, de Seze R. · 2005
The study investigated the effects of daily exposure to GSM 900 type MP on cognitive function. Fifty-five subjects were divided into two groups matched for age, gender, and IQ. The double-blind study lasted 45 days with baseline, exposure, and recovery periods.
Szyjkowska A et al. · 2005
A survey using a self-reported questionnaire was conducted among randomly selected university students in Lodz, Central Poland. Out of 160 questionnaires distributed, 140 were completed and 117 were analyzed after excluding respondents with pre-existing health problems. The participants were 61 males and 56 females, with most rating their health as good or very good. Seventy percent of students reported headache, 20% reported dizziness, 56% reported impaired concentration, and 11% reported facial dermatitis. Only 8 of 82 students with headache and 10 of 65 with impaired concentration attributed these symptoms to mobile phone use, and the authors concluded that further experimental and epidemiologic studies are needed.
McEvoy SP et al. · 2005
Driver mobile phone use up to 10 minutes before a crash was associated with a fourfold increased likelihood of crashing (odds ratio 4.1, 95% CI 2.2 to 7.7). Risk was raised irrespective of whether a hands-free device was used, with hands-free odds ratio 3.8 and hand-held odds ratio 4.9. Increased risk was similar in men and women and in drivers aged 30 years or older and younger than 30 years. A third of calls before crashes and on trips during the previous week were reportedly on hand-held phones (n = 21).
Meo SA, Al-Drees AM · 2005
Researchers invited 873 mobile phone users (57.04% males, 39.86% females) to complete a structured questionnaire and used chi-square tests to examine call duration and symptoms. The study found an association between mobile phone use and hearing and vision complaints, with 34.59% reporting hearing issues like impaired hearing, ear ache, or warmth, and 5.04% reporting decreased or blurred vision. The authors concluded that mobile phone use is a health risk factor and suggested avoiding excessive use while increasing social awareness through health promotion.
Loughran SP et al. · 2005
Researchers examined whether sleep architecture is sensitive to electromagnetic fields from digital mobile phone handsets. Fifty participants were exposed to electromagnetic fields for 30 minutes before sleep. Exposure decreased rapid eye movement sleep latency and increased electroencephalogram spectral power in the 11.5-12.25 Hz range during the initial part of sleep. The authors concluded that mobile phone exposure before sleep may promote rapid eye movement sleep and modify the sleep electroencephalogram in the first non-rapid eye movement sleep period.
Langer P, Holzner B, Magnet W, Kopp M. · 2005
The study investigated how low-dose alcohol and conversation while driving affect the peripheral visual system and driving ability. Holding a conversation while driving reduces the peripheral visual field, an effect also seen with low-dose alcohol. Peripheral vision reaction time was measured in 60 persons using the Schuhfried test.
Lahkola A, Salminen T, Auvinen A. · 2005
Researchers evaluated selection bias in a Finnish case-control study of mobile phone use and brain tumors by comparing full and incomplete participants. Among controls, 83% of full participants and 73% of incomplete participants regularly used a mobile phone, while among cases the figures were 76% and 64%. The odds ratio for brain tumor based on the combined group was slightly closer to unity than that based only on full participants. Selection bias tends to distort effect estimates below unity, while analyses based on more comprehensive material gave results close to unity.
Kopecky R, Hamnerius Y, Persson M. · 2005
A 3D subgridding technique was used to model the specific absorption rate (SAR) distribution in the isolated cochlea exposed to mobile phone radiation at 1750 MHz using the FDTD method. The cochlea was modeled at spatial resolutions of 1, 1/3, 1/5, and 1/7 mm. First simulations used 1 mm spatial resolution, then numerical resolution was increased to 1/3, 1/5, and 1/7 using subgridding without changing spatial resolution. A second set of simulations increased both spatial and numerical resolution together. The researchers concluded that subgridding is important only when both numerical and spatial resolution are increased together.
Keshvari J, Lang S. · 2005
Researchers used the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) computational method to calculate specific absorption rate (SAR) in anatomically correct adult and child head models exposed to a half-wave dipole at 900, 1800, and 2450 MHz. The ear and eye regions were studied because they represent realistic exposure scenarios for mobile wireless communication devices.
Kerekhanjanarong V et al. · 2005
The study aimed to investigate the effect of mobile phone use on the audiologic system in 98 subjects. Hearing was evaluated using audiometry, tympanometry, otoacoustic emission, and auditory brain stem evoked response. Comparison of audiograms between dominant and non-dominant ears showed no significant difference overall. In eight subjects who used mobile phones more than 60 minutes per day, the dominant ear had worse hearing thresholds than the non-dominant ear.
Kamibeppu K, Sugiura H. · 2005
Researchers recruited 651 eighth-grade students from five public junior high schools in the Tokyo metropolitan area and had them complete a questionnaire. The response rate was 88.8% with 578 participants, and about 49.3% of them owned a mobile phone. Students used phones more for e-mail than calls, with over half exchanging e-mails more than 10 times a day, mostly with schoolmates. Sociable students found phones useful for friendship but also experienced insecurity, stayed up late for e-mail, and felt they could not live without their phone.
Hunton J, Rose JM. · 2005
The study used an experiment where drivers with and without communication training completed a simulated driving course under three conversation conditions. Cellular telephone conversations consumed more attention and interfered more with driving than passenger conversations. Cell phone conversations lack nonverbal cues available in close-contact conversations, leading participants to expend significant cognitive resources to compensate. Communication training may reduce the hazardous effects of cell phone conversations on driving performance.
