Cao Z, Liu J, Li S, Zhao X. · 2000
Researchers selected 81 staff with cellular telephone handsets and 63 staff without handsets from corporations as subjects. They investigated subjects using questionnaires on health, lifestyle, handset use, and the neurobehavioral core test battery. Data were analyzed with chi-square, stepwise regression, and covariance statistics. Handset users had longer average reaction times than non-users (P < 0.01). Longer handset use was negatively associated with corrected reaction number (P < 0.01) and positively associated with fast and slowest reaction times (P < 0.01, P < 0.05), and the authors suggested that handset use could cause adverse neurobehavioral effects.
Walters TJ, Blick DW, Johnson LR, Adair ER, Foster KR · 2000
Researchers measured cutaneous thermal pain thresholds in 10 human subjects during 3-second exposures to 94 GHz continuous wave microwave energy at intensities up to approximately 1.8 W/cm². Skin surface temperature increases were measured by infrared thermography during each exposure. The pricking pain threshold was 43.9°C, corresponding to an increase of approximately 9.9°C from a baseline of 34.0°C. The measured temperature increases agreed well with a simple thermal model accounting for heat conduction and microwave penetration depth. The results support using the model to predict thermal pain thresholds at other millimeter wave frequencies.
Unknown authors · 1999
Researchers investigated symptoms and risk indicators of reported hypersensitivity to electricity using a survey at a telecommunications corporation and comparisons with referred patients. No association was found between psychosocial work characteristics or personal traits and hypersensitivity to electricity. Results indicate that skin symptoms, not neurovegetative symptoms, characterize the syndrome at least during the first years of illness.
Kellenyi, L, Thuroczy, G, Faludy, B, Lenard, L · 1999
The study investigated effects of mobile GSM radiotelephone exposure on the auditory brainstem response. A 15-minute exposure to GSM phone radiation caused an increase in auditory brainstem response in the exposed side of human subjects. Subjects also showed a hearing deficiency in the high frequency range of 20 dB from 2 KHz to 10 KHz.
Hocking, B · 1998
Researchers conducted a survey to characterize symptoms associated with mobile phone usage. Forty respondents from diverse occupations described unpleasant sensations such as a burning feeling or a dull ache mainly occurring in the temporal, occipital or auricular areas. The symptoms often began minutes after beginning a call and usually ceased within an hour after the call, though they could last until evening. Seventy-five per cent of cases were associated with digital mobile phones. Most of the respondents obtained relief by altering their patterns of telephone usage or type of phone.
Hanson Mild et al. · 1998
Bergdahl J, Tillberg A, Stenman E. · 1998
Twenty-eight consecutive patients with symptoms allegedly caused by electricity or visual display units were odontologically investigated using a specially designed registration form. The most common oral and general symptoms reported were burning mouth, craniomandibular dysfunction symptoms, skin complaints, and fatigue. Urinary mercury analysis showed a mean concentration of 8.5 nmol Hg/L urine, with no patient exceeding 50 nmol Hg/L. Urinary mercury concentration correlated positively with the number of amalgam fillings and with craniomandibular disorders. No or low secretion of the minor mucous glands was found in 43% of the patients.
Unknown authors · 1997
From an initial questionnaire study among 4943 office workers, 163 VDT workers were selected for a case referent study of facial skin symptoms. The data comprise a self-administered questionnaire filled out by 149 subjects and interviews with representatives of the organizations concerned. Psychosocial conditions, especially lack of social support from co-workers, were associated with an increased risk of reporting skin symptoms. Stratification by sex showed that the associations between some psychosocial factors and health differed between men and women. The results indicate that there might be an interaction between psychosocial factors and electric fields in the workplace which increases the risk of reporting skin symptoms.
Riu PJ, Foster KR, Blick DW, Adair ER, · 1997
Researchers measured human thresholds for skin warmth sensations at frequencies from 2.45 to 94 GHz. The thermal analysis suggests these thresholds correspond to a localized temperature increase of about 0.07°C at and near the skin surface. The thermal model results were insensitive to blood flow but sensitive to thermal conduction, with sensitivity increasing strongly with frequency. Thermal conduction becomes a dominant factor for surface temperature rise at microwave frequencies over 10 GHz.
Blick DW et al. · 1997
Researchers measured the power levels at which human skin first detected warmth from microwave radiation at frequencies of 2.45, 7.5, 10, 35, and 94 GHz. Detection thresholds were measured on the skin in the middle of the back in 15 adult male human subjects at all microwave frequencies and with infrared radiation. Sensitivity increased monotonically with frequency, and the threshold at 94 GHz (4.5 ± 0.6 mW/cm2) was more than an order of magnitude less than at 2.45 GHz (63.1 ± 6.7 mW/cm2). The threshold at 94 GHz was comparable to the threshold for infrared radiation (5.34 ± 1.07 mW/cm2).
Andersson B, Berg M, Arnetz BB, Melin L, Langlet I, Lidén S. · 1996
Seventeen patients were randomly assigned to a treatment group or a waiting-list control group in a pretest-posttest control group design. Patients participated in double-blind provocation tests before and after treatment. Subjective symptom ratings and blood samples for stress-related variables were collected. The experimental group reduced disability evaluations more than the control group, but no significant between-group differences were found in psychophysiological measures or subjective reactions to provocation. The provocation test concluded that alleged hypersensitive patients did not react to electromagnetic fields.
Unknown authors · 1994
Researchers conducted an open-field provocation in front of an ordinary TV set with two patients who regarded themselves as suffering from skin problems due to work at video display terminals. Before the provocation, skin biopsies from the anterior neck showed a high-to-very high number of somatostatin-immunoreactive dendritic cells and histamine-positive mast cells. At the end of the provocation, the number of mast cells was unchanged, but the somatostatin-positive cells had seemingly disappeared. The researchers noted that the high number of mast cells may explain the clinical symptoms of itch, pain, edema and erythema.
Charles Wallach · 1982
Prolonged CRT use is associated with eye, nose, throat, and skin irritations, headaches, dizziness, nausea, pain, malaise, and premature births or miscarriages. The author proposes that the high positive surface charge on CRT screens neutralizes negative ions, increases positive ion concentrations, and repels airborne particles toward operators.
Michaelson SM · 1978
Robert D. Tucker, Otto H. Schmitt · 1978
Each trial asked the subject to decide whether a 60 Hz magnetic field of 7.5–15 gauss was present, with the field randomized by computer. After more than 30,000 total trials, no individual performed better than chance, and group results were consistent with no real perception.
Gibson, Moroney · 1974
Thirty-four subjects were exposed to weak constant vertical magnetic fields of about 5,000 gammas, a 10% increment over the ambient geomagnetic field, in a repeated-measures design with two sessions. Calculation attempts were significantly lower in the first trial of the field-on session than in the second trial, the field-off session showed no significant change, and the overall ANOVA across trials was significant.
Galanin, N.F., et al · 1973
King, Justesen, Clarke · 1971
M. DEROCHE · 1971
No progressive diseases linked to the exposure were found. Reversible functional disturbances including fatigue, headaches, insomnia, muscle cramps, and memory difficulties were identified. Clinical tests on 17 technicians in Rennes showed normal blood pressure, blood sugar, sedimentation rate, blood count, and EEG except minor unexplained variations on three traces. Field measurements at the Metz-Luttange transmitter showed levels from 0.001 to 2.22 mW/cm² in personnel areas.
Ermakov EV · 1969
The study examines the mechanism of astheno-autonomic disorders from chronic ultrahigh frequency field exposure. It was published in Voen Med Zh volume 3 pages 42-4 in March 1969. The main subject heading covers human and animal analytics and toxicity.
D. P. Photiades, S. C. Ayivorh · 1967
Researchers exposed five male red patas monkeys and five human volunteers to pulsed electrostatic fields of 750 V/cm for one hour per session over ten sessions. The fields were generated by a 16,000 volt source with a 100 c/s ripple, pulsed five times per second between 25 cm square aluminum plates. When electroanesthesia was then administered, subjects pre-exposed to the fields required only 6 to 8 mA of pulsed current versus the full current in controls, and their pulse and blood pressure were 15 to 20% lower with reduced muscle spasm, while other complications were unchanged.
Lysina, G. G. · 1965
The exposed workers were grouped by exposure duration and by intensity relative to the permissible threshold. Erythrocyte content did not change significantly (p > 0.5) in the exposed group. Reticulocytes were increased in 14% of exposed subjects compared with 8.7% of controls. Basophile granules increased quantitatively and erythrocyte sedimentation was slowed in 30% of cases.
Sagov S · 1964
Allan H. Frey · 1963
Weiske, Clarence W. · 1963
