3,138 Studies Reviewed. 77.4% Found Biological Effects. The Evidence is Clear.

EMF Research Studies

Browse 3,138 peer-reviewed studies on electromagnetic field health effects from the BioInitiative Report database.

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Showing 1,359 studies (Human Studies)

Brain & Nervous SystemNo Effects Found

Effects of twenty-minute 3G mobile phone irradiation on event related potential components and early gamma synchronization in auditory oddball paradigm.

Stefanics G, Thuróczy G, Kellényi L, Hernádi I · 2008

Researchers exposed 29 people to 3G mobile phone radiation for 20 minutes and measured their brain's electrical activity while they performed a listening task that required attention and focus. They found no measurable changes in brain wave patterns or response times compared to fake exposure sessions. This suggests that brief exposure to 3G phone radiation doesn't immediately alter basic brain processing functions related to hearing and attention.

Brain & Nervous SystemNo Effects Found

Cognitive function and symptoms in adults and adolescents in relation to rf radiation from UMTS base stations

Riddervold IS et al. · 2008

Danish researchers exposed 80 people (teenagers and adults) to cell tower radiation at 2.14 GHz for 45 minutes to test whether it affected their thinking abilities and caused symptoms. They found no significant impact on cognitive performance, though participants reported slightly more headaches during exposure compared to fake exposure sessions. The study suggests cell tower radiation at these levels doesn't impair mental function in the short term.

Brain & Nervous SystemNo Effects Found

Effects of weak mobile phone - electromagnetic fields (GSM, UMTS) on event related potentials and cognitive functions.

Kleinlogel H et al. · 2008

Swiss researchers tested whether cell phone radiation from both older GSM and newer UMTS networks affects brain function and cognitive performance in 15 healthy adults. They measured brain wave responses and reaction times during various mental tasks while exposing participants to phone radiation at levels similar to actual phone use (SAR 0.1 and 1 W/kg). The study found no significant changes in any measured brain or cognitive functions compared to fake exposure.

Brain & Nervous SystemNo Effects Found

Effects of weak mobile phone - electromagnetic fields (GSM, UMTS) on well-being and resting EEG.

Kleinlogel H et al. · 2008

Swiss researchers exposed 15 healthy adults to mobile phone signals from both older GSM phones (900 MHz) and newer UMTS phones (1950 MHz) for 30 minutes to see if the radiation affected brain activity or how people felt. Using brain wave monitoring (EEG) and self-reported wellness measures, they found no significant changes compared to fake exposure sessions. This suggests that typical mobile phone radiation levels don't immediately alter brain function or cause noticeable symptoms in healthy users.

Symptoms & SensitivityNo Effects Found

Exposure to mobile phone electromagnetic fields and subjective symptoms: a double-blind study

Cinel C, Russo R, Boldini A, Fox E · 2008

Researchers tested whether 40-minute exposures to mobile phone radiation caused symptoms like headaches, dizziness, or fatigue in 496 volunteers using a double-blind design where neither participants nor researchers knew when real versus fake signals were used. They found no consistent evidence that phone radiation caused subjective symptoms, with only one isolated finding of increased dizziness in one group that wasn't replicated in the other test groups. The study suggests that acute mobile phone exposure doesn't reliably produce the symptoms some people report.

Dialling and driving: factors influencing intentions to use a mobile phone while driving.

Walsh SP, White KM, Hyde MK, Watson B. · 2008

Researchers studied what psychological factors influence people's intentions to use mobile phones while driving, examining attitudes, social pressure, and risk perceptions across different driving scenarios. They found that personal attitudes consistently predicted phone use intentions while driving, and pressure from others influenced some decisions, but surprisingly, risk perception didn't make people choose safer driving behaviors. This suggests that reducing distracted driving requires multiple approaches targeting different psychological motivations.

Use of wireless telephones and self-reported health symptoms: a population-based study among Swedish adolescents aged 15-19 years.

Soderqvist F, Carlberg M, Hardell L. · 2008

Swedish researchers surveyed 2,000 teenagers about their wireless phone use and health symptoms. They found that regular users of mobile and cordless phones reported more health problems including tiredness, headaches, anxiety, concentration difficulties, and sleep disturbances compared to less frequent users. Nearly all teens (99.6%) had access to mobile phones, with girls using them more frequently than boys.

Fetal and neonatal responses following maternal exposure to mobile phones.

Rezk AY, Abdulqawi K, Mustafa RM, Abo El-Azm TM, Al-Inany H · 2008

Researchers exposed 90 pregnant women to mobile phone electromagnetic fields for 10 minutes and measured heart activity in their unborn babies and newborns. They found that even this brief exposure significantly increased fetal and newborn heart rates while decreasing cardiac output (the amount of blood the heart pumps). These cardiovascular changes occurred in both developing babies in the womb and healthy newborns after birth.

Anatomically realistic reference models of pregnant women for gestation ages of 13, 18, and 26 weeks.

Nagaoka T, Saito K, Takahashi M, Ito K, Watanabe S. · 2008

Japanese researchers developed detailed computer models of pregnant women at different stages of pregnancy (13, 18, and 26 weeks) to study how radiofrequency electromagnetic fields are absorbed by both mother and fetus. The models included 56 different tissue types and calculated specific absorption rates (SAR) - essentially how much EMF energy different body parts absorb during whole-body exposure. This research provides the foundation for understanding EMF exposure risks during pregnancy, when both mother and developing baby may be vulnerable.

Occupational exposure to electromagnetic fields in physiotherapy departments.

Maccà I et al. · 2008

Italian researchers measured electromagnetic field exposure for physiotherapy workers using microwave therapy, diathermy, and magnetic therapy equipment across eight clinics. They found that workers operating these devices were exposed to EMF levels that exceeded European safety limits, particularly when standing within about 50 centimeters of the equipment. The study reveals that healthcare workers using EMF-based therapies may face occupational health risks that aren't being properly managed.

Cognitive and neurobiological alterations in electromagnetic hypersensitive patients: results of a case-control study.

Landgrebe M et al. · 2008

Researchers compared 89 people who report electromagnetic hypersensitivity (EHS) with 107 healthy controls using brain stimulation tests and cognitive assessments. They found that EHS patients had measurable differences in brain function, including reduced ability to distinguish between real and fake electromagnetic stimulation, and altered patterns of brain excitability that varied by age. The study suggests these individuals may have genuine neurobiological differences that make them more vulnerable to electromagnetic effects.

Harmful effects of 41 and 202 MHz radiations on some body parts and tissues.

Kumar V, Vats RP, Pathak PP. · 2008

Indian researchers studied how TV tower radiation at 41 and 202 MHz frequencies affects different human tissues including skin, muscle, bone, and fat. They calculated how electromagnetic waves penetrate the body and cause different amounts of energy absorption (called specific absorption rate or SAR) in different tissues. The study concluded that TV transmission towers should be located away from populated areas because their radiation can harm body tissues, and people should maintain safe distances from these towers.

Adverse effects of excessive mobile phone use.

Khan MM. · 2008

Researchers surveyed 286 medical students about their mobile phone use and health symptoms. They found that 44% of students linked their health problems to phone use, with the most common complaints being memory problems (41%), sleep issues (39%), and concentration difficulties (34%). The study suggests that even moderate daily phone use may be associated with multiple neurological and physical symptoms.

Cardiovascular122 citations

Effects of low-level radio-frequency (3kHz to 300GHz) energy on human cardiovascular, reproductive, immune, and other systems: A review of the recent literature.

Jauchem JR. · 2008

This comprehensive review examined research from 1998 to 2006 on how radio frequency energy (the type emitted by cell phones and wireless devices) affects human cardiovascular, reproductive, and immune systems. The researchers analyzed dozens of studies and found mostly weak or inconsistent evidence of health effects, with most studies showing no significant impacts. However, some studies did report cardiovascular changes like altered heart rate patterns and immune system changes in workers exposed to radar and radio transmissions.

Source of funding and results of studies of health effects of mobile phone use: systematic review of experimental studies.

Huss A et al. · 2008

Researchers analyzed 59 studies on radiofrequency radiation health effects to see if funding sources influenced results. They found that studies funded exclusively by the telecommunications industry were 90% less likely to report harmful health effects compared to studies funded by public agencies or charities. This pattern held even after accounting for study quality and other factors.

The spectral power coherence of the EEG under different EMF conditions.

Hountala CD et al. · 2008

Researchers measured how different brain wave frequencies work together during memory tasks when people were exposed to cell phone radiation at 900 MHz and 1800 MHz frequencies. They found that radiation changed the coordination patterns between brain waves, with different effects for men and women. Under normal conditions, men showed better coordination between brain wave frequencies than women, but this difference disappeared or reversed when exposed to the two different radiation frequencies.

Cancer & Tumors174 citations

Meta-analysis of long-term mobile phone use and the association with brain tumours.

Hardell L, Carlberg M, Söderqvist F, Hansson Mild K. · 2008

Researchers analyzed data from multiple studies examining whether long-term mobile phone use increases brain tumor risk. They found that when people used phones for 10 years or longer on the same side of their head where tumors developed, the risk of glioma (a type of brain cancer) doubled and acoustic neuroma (a benign tumor) risk increased by 140%. However, using phones on the opposite side of the head showed no increased risk.

Prenatal and postnatal exposure to cell phone use and behavioral problems in children.

Divan HA, Kheifets L, Obel C, Olsen J. · 2008

Danish researchers followed over 13,000 children from pregnancy through age 7 to study whether mothers' cell phone use during pregnancy and children's own phone use affected behavior. They found that children exposed to cell phones both before birth and after had 80% higher odds of behavioral problems like hyperactivity and emotional difficulties. While the researchers noted other factors could explain this connection, the findings raise concerns given how widely cell phones are used.

The effect of mobile phone electromagnetic fields on the alpha rhythm of human electroencephalogram.

Croft RJ et al. · 2008

Researchers exposed 120 healthy volunteers to mobile phone electromagnetic fields for 30 minutes while monitoring their brain waves using EEG technology. They found that mobile phone radiation increased alpha brain wave activity (the relaxed, wakeful state waves) during exposure, with stronger effects on the side of the head closest to the phone. This confirms that mobile phone EMF can directly alter normal brain function in measurable ways.

[Mutagenic, carcinogenic and teratogenic effects induced by radiofrequency electromagnetic field of mobile phone.]

Chen ZJ, He JL. · 2008

Chinese researchers reviewed existing studies on whether mobile phone radiofrequency radiation causes DNA mutations, cancer, or birth defects. They found conflicting results across different studies, with most research not supporting the idea that RF exposure causes these genetic effects. However, the authors noted that more research is needed on health effects from low-level RF exposure.

Distribution of RF energy emitted by mobile phones in anatomical structures of the brain.

Cardis E et al. · 2008

Researchers measured how radio frequency energy from mobile phones distributes throughout the brain by testing 110 different phone models. They found that 97-99% of the RF energy is absorbed in the brain hemisphere closest to the phone, with 50-60% concentrated in the temporal lobe (the area above your ear). This uneven distribution pattern was consistent across different phone types and suggests that if mobile phones pose cancer risks, brain tumors would most likely develop in these high-absorption areas.

Radiofrequency electromagnetic fields; male infertility and sex ratio of offspring.

Baste V, Riise T, Moen BE. · 2008

Norwegian researchers studied over 10,000 military personnel to examine whether exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields affects male fertility and the sex ratio of their children. They found that men with higher RF exposure were significantly more likely to experience infertility, with those working closest to high-frequency antennas showing an 86% increased risk. Additionally, fathers with greater RF exposure were more likely to have daughters than sons.

Cardiovascular100 citations

The influence of the call with a mobile phone on heart rate variability parameters in healthy volunteers.

Andrzejak R et al. · 2008

Researchers monitored 32 healthy students' heart rhythms during 20-minute cell phone calls, measuring heart rate variability (how much your heart rate naturally fluctuates between beats). They found that phone calls significantly changed the participants' autonomic nervous system balance, increasing parasympathetic activity (the 'rest and digest' system) while decreasing sympathetic activity (the 'fight or flight' system). These changes returned to normal after the call ended, suggesting that cell phone radiation may directly affect the nervous system's control of heart function.

Reproductive Health526 citations

Effect of cell phone usage on semen analysis in men attending infertility clinic: an observational study.

Agarwal A, Deepinder F, Sharma RK, Ranga G, Li J. · 2008

Researchers studied 361 men at an infertility clinic and found that cell phone use was linked to declining sperm quality. Men who used phones more than 4 hours daily had significantly worse sperm count, movement, survival, and normal shape compared to non-users. This suggests that the radiofrequency radiation from cell phones may be contributing to male fertility problems.

Anxiogenic effect of chronic exposure to extremely low frequency magnetic field in adult rats.

Liu T, Wang S, He L, Ye K. · 2008

Researchers exposed adult rats to extremely low frequency magnetic fields for either 1 hour or 4 hours daily over 25 days, then tested their anxiety levels using standard behavioral tests. The study found that 4-hour daily exposure significantly increased anxiety-like behaviors in the rats, while 1-hour exposure had no effect. This suggests that prolonged daily exposure to ELF magnetic fields may contribute to anxiety disorders.

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